Wie „sicher” ist das Hornhauttransplantat?

Zusammenfassung

Einleitung: In jüngster Zeit ist wiederholt von Übertragungen von HSV-Viren berichtet worden. Mit diesem Beitrag soll eine aktuelle Übersicht über das Risiko der Transmission von HSV-Viren gegeben werden. Methode: Literaturrecherche in PubMed. Ergebnisse: Bisherige Mitteilungen beziehen sich auf Einzelbeobachtungen der HSV-Transmission. Die klinische Manifestation im Transplantatempfänger kann sich als „primäres Transplantatversagen” oder als typische HSV-Keratitis zeigen. Molekularbiologische Techniken erlauben den Beweis der Spender-Empfänger-Transmission durch Gensequenzierung. Schlussfolgerung: Die Spender-Empfänger-HSV-Transmission ist ein sehr seltenes, jedoch potenziell problematisches Ereignis.

Abstract

Introduction: We have attempted in this article to summarise the present literature on the risks of virus transmission via corneal transplantation, with special emphasize on Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Methods: We conducted a literature search from Medline. Results: HSV is now acknowledged as a cause of primary graft failure, and this entity has been attributed to donor-to-host HSV infection. HSV is the primary cause of graft failure, and may induce reactivation in the recipient in the dendritic form, or in atypical forms. Conclusions: Corneal transplantation is a potential route for HSV infection as a possible transmittable disease which now has to be taken into consideration in eye banks.

Schlüsselwörter

Herpes-simplex-Virus - Hornhautbank - Kornea - Keratoplastik - Transplantation

Key words

Herpes simplex virus - eye bank - cornea - keratoplasty - transplantation

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