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Homeopathy 2024; 113(03): 158-166
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771025
Original Research Article

Individualized Homeopathic Medicines in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Trial

Soumya Bhattacharyya 
1   Department of Materia Medica, D. N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata; affiliated to The West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Chandrima Chatterjee 
1   Department of Materia Medica, D. N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata; affiliated to The West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Subhranil Saha 
2   Department of Repertory, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Satyajit Naskar 
3   Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Pulakendu Bhattacharya 
3   Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Sk Monsur Alam 
2   Department of Repertory, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Sumana Sengupta 
4   Department of Practice of Medicine, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Sabir Ahamed 
5   Department of Surgery, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Abdur R. Shaikh 
4   Department of Practice of Medicine, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Munmun Koley 
6   Department of Homoeopathy, East Bishnupur State Homoeopathic Dispensary, Chandi Daulatabad Block Primary Health Centre, West Bengal, India
,
Priyanka Ghosh 
3   Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Shyamal K. Mukherjee 
7   Department of Community Medicine, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

Introduction This study aimed at examining the feasibility issues of comparing individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs) with identical-looking placebos for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods Forty eligible patients participated in this double-blind, randomized (1:1), placebo-controlled feasibility trial in the outpatient clinics of a homeopathic hospital in West Bengal, India. Either IHMs or identical-looking placebos were administered, along with mutually agreed-upon concomitant care guidelines. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was the primary outcome measure, along with derived Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores from KOOS. The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were the secondary outcomes. All were measured at baseline and after 2 months. Group differences and effect sizes (Cohen's d) were estimated using an intention-to-treat approach. p-Values less than 0.05 (two-tailed) were considered statistically significant.

Results Enrolment/screening and trial retention rates were 43% and 85% respectively. Recruitment was difficult owing to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown. Group differences were statistically significant, favoring IHMs against placebos in all the KOOS sub-scales: symptoms (p < 0.001), pain (p = 0.002), activities of daily living (p < 0.001), sports or recreation (p = 0.016), and quality of life (p = 0.002). Derived WOMAC scores from KOOS favored IHMs against placebos: stiffness (p < 0.001) and pain (p < 0.001). The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire score (p < 0.001) and EQ-5D-5L VAS scores (p < 0.001) also yielded significant results, favoring IHMs over placebos. All the effect sizes ranged from moderate to large. Sulphur was the most frequently prescribed homeopathic medication. Neither group reported any harm or serious adverse events.

Conclusion Although recruitment was sub-optimal due to prevailing COVID-19 conditions during the trial, the action of IHMs was found to be superior to that of placebos in the treatment of knee OA. Larger and more definitive studies, with independent replications, are warranted in order to substantiate the findings.

Trial registration: CTRI/2021/02/031453.

Keywords

homeopathy - osteoarthritis knee - placebo - quality of life - randomized controlled trial

Data Availability

All the findings of the study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.


Authors' Contributions

S.B., C.C., S.S., S.N., P.B., S.M.A., P.G. and S.K.M.: concept and literature search. S.B., C.C., S.S., S.N., P.B., S.M.A., S.A., A.R.S. and P.G.: clinical study and data acquisition. S. Saha, P.G. and M.K.: data interpretation, statistical analysis, and preparation of the article. All the authors reviewed and approved the final article.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 18 March 2023

Accepted: 09 May 2023

Article published online:
25 September 2023

© 2023. Faculty of Homeopathy. This article is published by Thieme.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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