Download PDF
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2017; 125(02): 79-85
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-116070
Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Potential Influence of Selenium, Copper, Zinc and Cadmium on L-Thyroxine Substitution in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis and Hypothyroidism

Z. Rasic-Milutinovic
1   Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Zemun, Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
,
D. Jovanovic
2   Institute of Public Health of Serbia “Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut” Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
,
G. Bogdanovic
3   Blood Transfusion Institute, Belgrade, Serbia
,
J. Trifunovic
4   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
,
J. Mutic
4   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 20 April 2016
revised 23 August 2016

accepted 25 August 2016

Publication Date:
28 October 2016 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Background: Besides genetic factors, it is known that some trace elements, as Selenium, Copper, and Zinc are essential for thyroid gland fuction and thyroid hormone metabolism. Moreover, there were some metals effect that suggested patterns associated with overt thyroid disease.

Aim of study: Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), chronic autoimune inflamation of thyroid gland with cosequtive hipothyroidism, is common disease in Serbia, and we thought it is worthwile to explore potential effects of essential and toxic metals and metalloides on thyroid function and ability to restore euthyroid status of them.

Results: This cross-sectional, case-control, study investigated the status of essential elements (Selenium,Copper,and Zinc) and toxic metals and metalloides (Al, Cr, Mn, Co, As, Cd, Sb, Ba, Be, Pb and Ni) from the blood of 22 female, patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis and overt hypothyroidism, and compared it with those of 55 female healthy persons. We tried to establish the presence of any correlation between previous mentioned elements and thyroid function in hypothyroid patients and healthy participants.

Conclusions: The results of our study suggested that the blood concentration of essential trace elements, especially the ratio of Copper, and Selenium may influence directly thyroid function in patients with HT and overt hypothyroidism.

Thus, our findings may have implication to life-long substitution therapy in terms of l-thyroxine dose reduction. Furthermore, for the first time, our study shown potential toxic effect of Cadmium on thyroid function in HT patients, which may implicate the dose of l-thyroxine substitution.

Key words

thyrotropin - thyroiditis - thyroidy
 

  • References

  • 1 Duntas LH. Environmental factors and thyroid autoimmunity. Annales d’ Endocrinologie 2011; 72: 108-113
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Caturegli P, De Remigis A, Rose NR. Hashimoto thyroiditis: Clinical and diagnostic criteria. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 13: 391-397
    Google Scholar
  • 3 Zimmerman MB, Kohrle J. The impact of iron and selenium deficiency on iodine and thyroid metabolism: biochemistry and relevance to public health. Thyroid 2002; 12: 867-878
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Koehrle J, Gartner R. Selenium and thyroid. Best Pract Res Cl En 2009; 23: 815-827
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Koehrle J, Jakob F, Contempre B et al. Selenium, the thyroid and the endocrine system. Endocr Rev 2005; 26: 944-984
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 ATSDR . Toxicological Profile for Cadmium. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; 2008
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 ATSDR . Toxicological Profile for Cobalt. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; 2004
    Google Scholar
  • 8 ATSDR . Draft Toxicological Profile for Uranium. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; 2011
    Google Scholar
  • 9 ATSDR . Toxicological Profile for Lead. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; 2007
    Google Scholar
  • 10 Goulle’ JP, Mahieu L, Castermant J et al. Metal and metalloid multi-elementary ICP-MS validation in whole blood, plasma, urine and hair: Reference values. Forensic Sci Int 2005; 153: 39-44
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Christensen KLY. Metals in blood and urine, and thyroid function among adults in the United States 2007–2008. Int J Hydrogen Energ 2013; 216: 624-632
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Ertek S, Cicero AF, Caglar O et al. Relationship between serum zinc levels, thyroid hormones and thyroid volume following successful iodine supplementation. Hormones (Athens) 2010; 9: 263-268
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Jain RB, Choi SY. Normal reference ranges for and variability in the levels of blood manganese and selenium by gender, age, and race/ethnicity for general U.S. population. J Trace Elem Med Bio 2015; 30: 142-152
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Valdiglesias V, Pásaro E, Méndez J et al. In vitro evaluation of selenium genotoxic, cytotoxic, and protective effects: a review. Arch Toxicol 2010; 84: 337-351
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Pearce EN, Braverman LE. Environmental pollutants and the thyroid. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 23: 801-813
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Howie AF, Walker SW, Akesson B et al. Thyroidal extracellular glutathione peroxidase: a potential regulator of thyroid hormone synthesis. Biochem J 1995; 308: 713-717
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Watt T, Cramon P, Bjorner JB et al. Selenium supplementation for patients with Graves’ hyperthyroidism (the GRASS trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2013; 14: 119
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Beckett GJ, Hutchinson AR, Nicol F et al. A role for selenium in the hepatic 5’’-deiodination of thyroxine. J Endocrinol 1988; 117: 287-294
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Zagrodzki P, Kryczyk J. The importance of selenium in Hashimoto’s disease. Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2014; 68: 1129-1137
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Pearce EN, Braverman LE. Environmental pollutants and the thyroid. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 23: 801-813
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Linder MC, Hazegh-Azam M. Copper biochemistry and molecular biology. Am J Clin Nutr 1996; 63: 797S-811S
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Ozturk P, Kurutas EB, Ataseven A. Copper/zinc and copper/selenium ratios, and oxidative stress as biochemical markers in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. J Trace Elem Med Bio 2013; 27: 312-316
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Niskar AS, Paschal DC, Kieszak SM et al Serum selenium levels in the US population: third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994. Biol Trace Elem Res 2003; 91: 1-10
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Yang L, Huang H, Zeng Y et al. Thyroid volume, goiter prevalence, and selenium levels in an iodine-sufficient area: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2013; 13: 1153
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Jomova K, Valko M. Advances in metal-induced oxidative stress and human disease. Toxicology 2011; 283: 65-87
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Flora SJS, Pachauri V. Chelation in metal intoxication. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2010; 7: 2745-2788
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Waalkes MP. Cadmium carcinogenesis in review. J Inorg Biochem 2000; 79: 241-244
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Watjen W, Beyersmann D. Cadmium-induced apoptosis in C6 glioma cells:influence of oxidative stress. Biometals 2004; 17: 65-78
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Mittag J, Behrends T, Hoefig CS et al. Thyroid hormones regulate selenoprotein expression and selenium status in mice. PLoS ONE 2010; 5: e12931
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Blasig S, Kühnenb P, Schuette A et al. Positive correlation of thyroid hormones and serum copper in children with congenital hypothyroidism. J Trace Elem Med Bio 2016; 37: 90-95
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Mittag J, Behrends T, Nordstrom K et al. Serum copper as a novel biomarker for resistance to thyroid hormone. Biochem J 2012; 443: 103-109
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Duffield AJ, Thomson CD, Hill KE et al. An estimation of selenium requirements for New Zealanders. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 70: 896-90
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar