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Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38(05): 523-534
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736657
Review Article

Stem Cell–Based Therapies: What Interventional Radiologists Need to Know

Hyeon Yu
1   Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
,
Clayton W. Commander
1   Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
,
Joseph M. Stavas
2   Department of Radiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
3   ProKidney LLC, Winston Salem, North Carolina
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Abstract

As the basic units of biological organization, stem cells and their progenitors are essential for developing and regenerating organs and tissue systems using their unique self-renewal capability and differentiation potential into multiple cell lineages. Stem cells are consistently present throughout the entire human development, from the zygote to adulthood. Over the past decades, significant efforts have been made in biology, genetics, and biotechnology to develop stem cell–based therapies using embryonic and adult autologous or allogeneic stem cells for diseases without therapies or difficult to treat. Stem cell–based therapies require optimum administration of stem cells into damaged organs to promote structural regeneration and improve function. Maximum clinical efficacy is highly dependent on the successful delivery of stem cells to the target tissue. Direct image-guided locoregional injections into target tissues offer an option to increase therapeutic outcomes. Interventional radiologists have the opportunity to perform a key role in delivering stem cells more efficiently using minimally invasive techniques. This review discusses the types and sources of stem cells and the current clinical applications of stem cell–based therapies. In addition, the regulatory considerations, logistics, and potential roles of interventional Radiology are also discussed with the review of the literature.

Keywords

stem cells - progenitor cells - stem cell–based therapy - interventional radiology


Publication History

Article published online:
24 November 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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