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Synfacts 2019; 15(08): 0935
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1689853
Chemistry in Medicine and Biology
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

A Mitochondria-Targeting Calcium Dye

Contributor(s):
Dirk Trauner
,
Bryan S. Matsuura
Pendin D. * Norante R, De Nadai A, Gherardi G, Vajente N, Basso E, Kaludercic N, Mammucari C, Paradisi C, Pozzan T, Mattarei A. * University of Padua, National Research Council, and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
A Synthetic Fluorescent Mitochondria-Targeted Sensor for Ratiometric Imaging of Calcium in Live Cells.

Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019;
58: 9917-9922
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Publication History

Publication Date:
18 July 2019 (online)

 
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Key words

calcium Imaging - fluorescent dye - Fura-2 - mitochondria targeting - live cell imaging

Significance

Ca2+ signaling is central to several essential physiological processes. Synthetic dyes offer a convenient means to measure Ca2+ concentration in live cells. The authors describe the synthesis of mt-Fura-2(AM) as the first ratiometric Ca2+ dye that targets mitochondria. This probe overcomes the limitations of other sensors such as poor mitochondrial localization, leakage, cytotoxicity, and low photobleaching resistance.


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Comment

Mt-Fura-2 was synthesized in 17 steps from commercially available starting materials. Derivatives of mt-Fura-2 containing one, two, or three phosphonium cations were synthesized and it was found that two phosphonium cations were optimal for mitochondria targeting. The authors demonstrated the superiority of mt-Fura-2AM over rhod-2-AM, a non-ratiometric calcium dye, and found that it was suitable for use in cells in which genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators are difficult to transfect.


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