Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1556074
The Role of Noninvasive Ventilation in the Hospital and Outpatient Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Publication History
Publication Date:
03 August 2015 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/srccm/201504/lookinside/thumbnails/10-1055-s-0035-1556074_01139-1.jpg)
Abstract
Positive pressure noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has become widely accepted in the treatment of both hospitalized and outpatient subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The support has evolved over the past two decades to be part of first-line management in acute exacerbations of COPD and is also instrumental in discontinuing mechanical ventilation in COPD patients with acute respiratory failure. It is also suitable for treatment of COPD with other associated conditions including pneumonia, following lung resectional surgery, with concomitant obstructive sleep apnea and as part of end-of-life care. Short-term application can also facilitate some endoscopic procedures that may otherwise require endotracheal intubation. Outpatient use of NIV in COPD has garnered much attention, but the support has not been as robust as with NIV in hospitalized patients. However, an approach with higher pressures with a goal of significant reduction in daytime PaCO2 may be an effective strategy. NIV can also facilitate exercise training in pulmonary rehabilitation. A portable device which can augment tidal volume during ambulation and other activities of daily living may further expand the use of NIV in COPD patients.
-
References
- 1 Brochard L, Isabey D, Piquet J , et al. Reversal of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive lung disease by inspiratory assistance with a face mask. N Engl J Med 1990; 323 (22) 1523-1530
- 2 Meduri GU, Conoscenti CC, Menashe P, Nair S. Noninvasive face mask ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure. Chest 1989; 95 (4) 865-870
- 3 Intermittent positive pressure breathing therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A clinical trial. Ann Intern Med 1983; 99 (5) 612-620
- 4 Walkey AJ, Wiener RS. Use of noninvasive ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure, 2000-2009: a population-based study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2013; 10 (1) 10-17
- 5 Demoule A, Girou E, Richard JC, Taillé S, Brochard L. Increased use of noninvasive ventilation in French intensive care units. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32 (11) 1747-1755
- 6 Keenan SP, Sinuff T, Burns KE , et al; Canadian Critical Care Trials Group/Canadian Critical Care Society Noninvasive Ventilation Guidelines Group. Clinical practice guidelines for the use of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation and noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure in the acute care setting. CMAJ 2011; 183 (3) E195-E214
- 7 Tobin MJ. Respiratory muscles in disease. Clin Chest Med 1988; 9 (2) 263-286
- 8 Carrey Z, Gottfried SB, Levy RD. Ventilatory muscle support in respiratory failure with nasal positive pressure ventilation. Chest 1990; 97 (1) 150-158
- 9 Belman MJ, Soo Hoo GW, Kuei JH, Shadmehr R. Efficacy of positive vs negative pressure ventilation in unloading the respiratory muscles. Chest 1990; 98 (4) 850-856
- 10 Bott J, Carroll MP, Conway JH , et al. Randomised controlled trial of nasal ventilation in acute ventilatory failure due to chronic obstructive airways disease. Lancet 1993; 341 (8860) 1555-1557
- 11 Brochard L, Mancebo J, Wysocki M , et al. Noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 1995; 333 (13) 817-822
- 12 Kramer N, Meyer TJ, Meharg J, Cece RD, Hill NS. Randomized, prospective trial of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 151 (6) 1799-1806
- 13 Nava S, Hill N. Non-invasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure. Lancet 2009; 374 (9685) 250-259
- 14 Terzano C, Di Stefano F, Conti V , et al. Mixed acid-base disorders, hydroelectrolyte imbalance and lactate production in hypercapnic respiratory failure: the role of noninvasive ventilation. PLoS ONE 2012; 7 (4) e35245
- 15 Confalonieri M, Garuti G, Cattaruzza MS , et al; Italian noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) study group. A chart of failure risk for noninvasive ventilation in patients with COPD exacerbation. Eur Respir J 2005; 25 (2) 348-355
- 16 Plant PK, Owen JL, Elliott MW. Early use of non-invasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on general respiratory wards: a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2000; 355 (9219) 1931-1935
- 17 Soo Hoo GW, Hakimian N, Santiago SM. Hypercapnic respiratory failure in COPD patients: response to therapy. Chest 2000; 117 (1) 169-177
- 18 Scala R, Naldi M, Archinucci I, Coniglio G, Nava S. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD and varying levels of consciousness. Chest 2005; 128 (3) 1657-1666
- 19 Soo Hoo GW, Santiago S, Williams AJ. Nasal mechanical ventilation for hypercapnic respiratory failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: determinants of success and failure. Crit Care Med 1994; 22 (8) 1253-1261
- 20 Díaz GG, Alcaraz AC, Talavera JC , et al. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation to treat hypercapnic coma secondary to respiratory failure. Chest 2005; 127 (3) 952-960
- 21 McLaughlin KM, Murray IM, Thain G, Currie GP. Ward-based non-invasive ventilation for hypercapnic exacerbations of COPD: a ‘real-life’ perspective. QJM 2010; 103 (7) 505-510
- 22 Paus-Jenssen ES, Reid JK, Cockcroft DW, Laframboise K, Ward HA. The use of noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure at a tertiary care center. Chest 2004; 126 (1) 165-172
- 23 Hess DR, Pang JM, Camargo Jr CA. A survey of the use of noninvasive ventilation in academic emergency departments in the United States. Respir Care 2009; 54 (10) 1306-1312
- 24 Kwok H, McCormack J, Cece R, Houtchens J, Hill NS. Controlled trial of oronasal versus nasal mask ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Med 2003; 31 (2) 468-473
- 25 Pisani L, Carlucci A, Nava S. Interfaces for noninvasive mechanical ventilation: technical aspects and efficiency. Minerva Anestesiol 2012; 78 (10) 1154-1161
- 26 Devlin JW, Nava S, Fong JJ, Bahhady I, Hill NS. Survey of sedation practices during noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation to treat acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Med 2007; 35 (10) 2298-2302
- 27 Devlin JW, Al-Qadheeb NS, Chi A , et al. Efficacy and safety of early dexmedetomidine during noninvasive ventilation for patients with acute respiratory failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Chest 2014; 145 (6) 1204-1212
- 28 Marino W. Intermittent volume cycled mechanical ventilation via nasal mask in patients with respiratory failure due to COPD. Chest 1991; 99 (3) 681-684
- 29 Meduri GU, Abou-Shala N, Fox RC, Jones CB, Leeper KV, Wunderink RG. Noninvasive face mask mechanical ventilation in patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. Chest 1991; 100 (2) 445-454
- 30 Strumpf DA, Carlisle CC, Millman RP, Smith KW, Hill NS. An evaluation of the respironics BiPAP Bi-Level CPAP device for delivery of assisted ventilation. Respir Care 1990; 35 (5) 415-422
- 31 Confalonieri M, Calderini E, Terraciano S , et al. Noninvasive ventilation for treating acute respiratory failure in AIDS patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28 (9) 1233-1238
- 32 Keenan SP, Sinuff T, Cook DJ, Hill NS. Which patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease benefit from noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation? A systematic review of the literature. Ann Intern Med 2003; 138 (11) 861-870
- 33 Ambrosino N, Foglio K, Rubini F, Clini E, Nava S, Vitacca M. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation in acute respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: correlates for success. Thorax 1995; 50 (7) 755-757
- 34 Antón A, Güell R, Gómez J , et al. Predicting the result of noninvasive ventilation in severe acute exacerbations of patients with chronic airflow limitation. Chest 2000; 117 (3) 828-833
- 35 Moretti M, Cilione C, Tampieri A, Fracchia C, Marchioni A, Nava S. Incidence and causes of non-invasive mechanical ventilation failure after initial success. Thorax 2000; 55 (10) 819-825
- 36 Organized jointly by the American Thoracic Society, the European Respiratory Society, the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, and the Société de Réanimation de Langue Française, and approved by ATS Board of Directors, December 2000. International Consensus Conferences in Intensive Care Medicine: noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163 (1) 283-291
- 37 British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee. Non-invasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure. Thorax 2002; 57 (3) 192-211
- 38 Lightowler JV, Wedzicha JA, Elliott MW, Ram FS. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation to treat respiratory failure resulting from exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2003; 326 (7382) 185
- 39 Dres M, Tran TC, Aegerter P , et al; CUB-REA Group. Influence of ICU case-volume on the management and hospital outcomes of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease*. Crit Care Med 2013; 41 (8) 1884-1892
- 40 Tsai CL, Lee WY, Delclos GL, Hanania NA, Camargo Jr CA. Comparative effectiveness of noninvasive ventilation vs invasive mechanical ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with acute respiratory failure. J Hosp Med 2013; 8 (4) 165-172
- 41 Chandra D, Stamm JA, Taylor B , et al. Outcomes of noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the United States, 1998-2008. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 185 (2) 152-159
- 42 Carpe-Carpe B, Hernando-Arizaleta L, Ibáñez-Pérez MC, Palomar-Rodríguez JA, Esquinas-Rodríguez AM. Evolution of the use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Spanish region, 1997-2010. Arch Bronconeumol 2013; 49 (8) 330-336
- 43 Ozsancak Ugurlu A, Sidhom SS, Khodabandeh A , et al. Use and outcomes of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in acute care hospitals in Massachusetts. Chest 2014; 145 (5) 964-971
- 44 Epstein SK. Etiology of extubation failure and the predictive value of the rapid shallow breathing index. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152 (2) 545-549
- 45 Esteban A, Frutos-Vivar F, Ferguson ND , et al. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation for respiratory failure after extubation. N Engl J Med 2004; 350 (24) 2452-2460
- 46 Ferrer M, Esquinas A, Leon M, Gonzalez G, Alarcon A, Torres A. Noninvasive ventilation in severe hypoxemic respiratory failure: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 168 (12) 1438-1444
- 47 Nava S, Ambrosino N, Clini E , et al. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in the weaning of patients with respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1998; 128 (9) 721-728
- 48 Burns KE, Meade MO, Premji A, Adhikari NK. Noninvasive ventilation as a weaning strategy for mechanical ventilation in adults with respiratory failure: a Cochrane systematic review. CMAJ 2014; 186 (3) E112-E122
- 49 Ferrer M, Valencia M, Nicolas JM, Bernadich O, Badia JR, Torres A. Early noninvasive ventilation averts extubation failure in patients at risk: a randomized trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173 (2) 164-170
- 50 Ferrer M, Sellarés J, Valencia M , et al. Non-invasive ventilation after extubation in hypercapnic patients with chronic respiratory disorders: randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2009; 374 (9695) 1082-1088
- 51 Nava S, Gregoretti C, Fanfulla F , et al. Noninvasive ventilation to prevent respiratory failure after extubation in high-risk patients. Crit Care Med 2005; 33 (11) 2465-2470
- 52 Confalonieri M, Potena A, Carbone G, Porta RD, Tolley EA, Umberto Meduri G. Acute respiratory failure in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia. A prospective randomized evaluation of noninvasive ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160 (5, Pt 1) 1585-1591
- 53 Carrillo A, Gonzalez-Diaz G, Ferrer M , et al. Non-invasive ventilation in community-acquired pneumonia and severe acute respiratory failure. Intensive Care Med 2012; 38 (3) 458-466
- 54 Auriant I, Jallot A, Hervé P , et al. Noninvasive ventilation reduces mortality in acute respiratory failure following lung resection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164 (7) 1231-1235
- 55 Perrin C, Jullien V, Vénissac N , et al. Prophylactic use of noninvasive ventilation in patients undergoing lung resectional surgery. Respir Med 2007; 101 (7) 1572-1578
- 56 Lorut C, Lefebvre A, Planquette B , et al. Early postoperative prophylactic noninvasive ventilation after major lung resection in COPD patients: a randomized controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 2014; 40 (2) 220-227
- 57 Ioachimescu OC, Teodorescu M. Integrating the overlap of obstructive lung disease and obstructive sleep apnoea: OLDOSA syndrome. Respirology 2013; 18 (3) 421-431
- 58 Owens RL, Malhotra A. Sleep-disordered breathing and COPD: the overlap syndrome. Respir Care 2010; 55 (10) 1333-1344 , discussion 1344–1346
- 59 Flenley DC. Sleep in chronic obstructive lung disease. Clin Chest Med 1985; 6 (4) 651-661
- 60 Carrillo A, Ferrer M, Gonzalez-Diaz G , et al. Noninvasive ventilation in acute hypercapnic respiratory failure caused by obesity hypoventilation syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 186 (12) 1279-1285
- 61 Batzlaff CM, Karpman C, Afessa B, Benzo RP. Predicting 1-year mortality rate for patients admitted with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to an intensive care unit: an opportunity for palliative care. Mayo Clin Proc 2014; 89 (5) 638-643
- 62 Connors Jr AF, Dawson NV, Thomas C , et al. Outcomes following acute exacerbation of severe chronic obstructive lung disease. The SUPPORT investigators (Study to Understand Prognoses and Preferences for Outcomes and Risks of Treatments). Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 154 (4, Pt 1): 959-967
- 63 Seneff MG, Wagner DP, Wagner RP, Zimmerman JE, Knaus WA. Hospital and 1-year survival of patients admitted to intensive care units with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. JAMA 1995; 274 (23) 1852-1857
- 64 Singanayagam A, Schembri S, Chalmers JD. Predictors of mortality in hospitalized adults with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2013; 10 (2) 81-89
- 65 Breen D, Churches T, Hawker F, Torzillo PJ. Acute respiratory failure secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated in the intensive care unit: a long term follow up study. Thorax 2002; 57 (1) 29-33
- 66 Azoulay E, Demoule A, Jaber S , et al. Palliative noninvasive ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure. Intensive Care Med 2011; 37 (8) 1250-1257
- 67 Chu CM, Chan VL, Wong IW, Leung WS, Lin AW, Cheung KF. Noninvasive ventilation in patients with acute hypercapnic exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who refused endotracheal intubation. Crit Care Med 2004; 32 (2) 372-377
- 68 Levy M, Tanios MA, Nelson D , et al. Outcomes of patients with do-not-intubate orders treated with noninvasive ventilation. Crit Care Med 2004; 32 (10) 2002-2007
- 69 Schettino G, Altobelli N, Kacmarek RM. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation reverses acute respiratory failure in select “do-not-intubate” patients. Crit Care Med 2005; 33 (9) 1976-1982
- 70 Curtis JR, Cook DJ, Sinuff T , et al; Society of Critical Care Medicine Palliative Noninvasive Positive Ventilation Task Force. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in critical and palliative care settings: understanding the goals of therapy. Crit Care Med 2007; 35 (3) 932-939
- 71 Swidwa DM, Montenegro HD, Goldman MD, Lutchen KR, Saidel GM. Helium-oxygen breathing in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest 1985; 87 (6) 790-795
- 72 Jolliet P, Tassaux D, Thouret JM, Chevrolet JC. Beneficial effects of helium:oxygen versus air:oxygen noninvasive pressure support in patients with decompensated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Crit Care Med 1999; 27 (11) 2422-2429
- 73 Jaber S, Fodil R, Carlucci A , et al. Noninvasive ventilation with helium-oxygen in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161 (4, Pt 1) 1191-1200
- 74 Maggiore SM, Richard JC, Abroug F , et al. A multicenter, randomized trial of noninvasive ventilation with helium-oxygen mixture in exacerbations of chronic obstructive lung disease. Crit Care Med 2010; 38 (1) 145-151
- 75 Jolliet P, Tassaux D, Roeseler J , et al. Helium-oxygen versus air-oxygen noninvasive pressure support in decompensated chronic obstructive disease: A prospective, multicenter study. Crit Care Med 2003; 31 (3) 878-884
- 76 Scala R, Naldi M, Maccari U. Early fiberoptic bronchoscopy during non-invasive ventilation in patients with decompensated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to community-acquired-pneumonia. Crit Care 2010; 14 (2) R80
- 77 Esquinas A, Zuil M, Scala R, Chiner E. Bronchoscopy during non-invasive mechanical ventilation: a review of techniques and procedures. Arch Bronconeumol 2013; 49 (3) 105-112
- 78 Ambrosino N, Guarracino F. Unusual applications of noninvasive ventilation. Eur Respir J 2011; 38 (2) 440-449
- 79 Benditt JO. Novel uses of noninvasive ventilation. Respir Care 2009; 54 (2) 212-219 , discussion 219–222
- 80 Chu CM, Chan VL, Lin AW, Wong IW, Leung WS, Lai CK. Readmission rates and life threatening events in COPD survivors treated with non-invasive ventilation for acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. Thorax 2004; 59 (12) 1020-1025
- 81 Elliott MW, Mulvey DA, Moxham J, Green M, Branthwaite MA. Domiciliary nocturnal nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in COPD: mechanisms underlying changes in arterial blood gas tensions. Eur Respir J 1991; 4 (9) 1044-1052
- 82 Hill NS, Eveloff SE, Carlisle CC, Goff SG. Efficacy of nocturnal nasal ventilation in patients with restrictive thoracic disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 145 (2, Pt 1) 365-371
- 83 Leger P, Bedicam JM, Cornette A , et al. Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Long-term follow-up in patients with severe chronic respiratory insufficiency. Chest 1994; 105 (1) 100-105
- 84 Simonds AK, Elliott MW. Outcome of domiciliary nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in restrictive and obstructive disorders. Thorax 1995; 50 (6) 604-609
- 85 Clinical indications for noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in chronic respiratory failure due to restrictive lung disease, COPD, and nocturnal hypoventilation—a consensus conference report. Chest 1999; 116 (2) 521-534
- 86 Braun N, Marino WD. Effect of daily intermittent rest of respiratory muscle in patients with severe chronic airflow obstruction. Chest 1984; 85 (6, Suppl): 595S
- 87 Gutiérrez M, Beroíza T, Contreras G , et al. Weekly cuirass ventilation improves blood gases and inspiratory muscle strength in patients with chronic air-flow limitation and hypercarbia. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 138 (3) 617-623
- 88 Shapiro SH, Ernst P, Gray-Donald K , et al. Effect of negative pressure ventilation in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet 1992; 340 (8833): 1425-1429
- 89 Renston JP, DiMarco AF, Supinski GS. Respiratory muscle rest using nasal BiPAP ventilation in patients with stable severe COPD. Chest 1994; 105 (4) 1053-1060
- 90 Díaz O, Bégin P, Torrealba B, Jover E, Lisboa C. Effects of noninvasive ventilation on lung hyperinflation in stable hypercapnic COPD. Eur Respir J 2002; 20 (6) 1490-1498
- 91 Lin CC. Comparison between nocturnal nasal positive pressure ventilation combined with oxygen therapy and oxygen monotherapy in patients with severe COPD. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 154 (2, Pt 1): 353-358
- 92 Strumpf DA, Millman RP, Carlisle CC , et al. Nocturnal positive-pressure ventilation via nasal mask in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 144 (6) 1234-1239
- 93 Gay PC, Hubmayr RD, Stroetz RW. Efficacy of nocturnal nasal ventilation in stable, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during a 3-month controlled trial. Mayo Clin Proc 1996; 71 (6) 533-542
- 94 Meecham Jones DJ, Paul EA, Jones PW, Wedzicha JA. Nasal pressure support ventilation plus oxygen compared with oxygen therapy alone in hypercapnic COPD. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152 (2) 538-544
- 95 Elliott MW, Simonds AK, Carroll MP, Wedzicha JA, Branthwaite MA. Domiciliary nocturnal nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in hypercapnic respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive lung disease: effects on sleep and quality of life. Thorax 1992; 47 (5) 342-348
- 96 Díaz O, Bégin P, Andresen M , et al. Physiological and clinical effects of diurnal noninvasive ventilation in hypercapnic COPD. Eur Respir J 2005; 26 (6) 1016-1023
- 97 Casanova C, Celli BR, Tost L , et al. Long-term controlled trial of nocturnal nasal positive pressure ventilation in patients with severe COPD. Chest 2000; 118 (6) 1582-1590
- 98 Clini E, Sturani C, Rossi A , et al; Rehabilitation and Chronic Care Study Group, Italian Association of Hospital Pulmonologists (AIPO). The Italian multicentre study on noninvasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Eur Respir J 2002; 20 (3) 529-538
- 99 Clini E, Sturani C, Porta R , et al. Outcome of COPD patients performing nocturnal non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Respir Med 1998; 92 (10) 1215-1222
- 100 Kolodziej MA, Jensen L, Rowe B, Sin D. Systematic review of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in severe stable COPD. Eur Respir J 2007; 30 (2) 293-306
- 101 Wijkstra PJ, Lacasse Y, Guyatt GH , et al. A meta-analysis of nocturnal noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in patients with stable COPD. Chest 2003; 124 (1) 337-343
- 102 McEvoy RD, Pierce RJ, Hillman D , et al; Australian trial of non-invasive Ventilation in Chronic Airflow Limitation (AVCAL) Study Group. Nocturnal non-invasive nasal ventilation in stable hypercapnic COPD: a randomised controlled trial. Thorax 2009; 64 (7) 561-566
- 103 Struik FM, Sprooten RT, Kerstjens HA , et al. Nocturnal non-invasive ventilation in COPD patients with prolonged hypercapnia after ventilatory support for acute respiratory failure: a randomised, controlled, parallel-group study. Thorax 2014; 69 (9) 826-834
- 104 Windisch W, Kostić S, Dreher M, Virchow Jr JC, Sorichter S. Outcome of patients with stable COPD receiving controlled noninvasive positive pressure ventilation aimed at a maximal reduction of Pa(CO2). Chest 2005; 128 (2) 657-662
- 105 Windisch W, Haenel M, Storre JH, Dreher M. High-intensity non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for stable hypercapnic COPD. Int J Med Sci 2009; 6 (2) 72-76
- 106 Köhnlein T, Windisch W, Köhler D , et al. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation for the treatment of severe stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective, multicentre, randomised, controlled clinical trial. Lancet Respir Med 2014; 2 (9) 698-705
- 107 Maltais F, LeBlanc P, Jobin J , et al. Intensity of training and physiologic adaptation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 155 (2) 555-561
- 108 Stubbing DG, Pengelly LD, Morse JL, Jones NL. Pulmonary mechanics during exercise in subjects with chronic airflow obstruction. J Appl Physiol 1980; 49 (3) 511-515
- 109 Marini JJ. Ventilator-associated problems related to obstructive lung disease. Respir Care 2013; 58 (6) 938-949
- 110 Soo Hoo GW. Nonpharmacologic adjuncts to training during pulmonary rehabilitation: the role of supplemental oxygen and noninvasive ventilation. J Rehabil Res Dev 2003; 40 (5) (Suppl. 02) 81-97
- 111 van 't Hul A, Kwakkel G, Gosselink R. The acute effects of noninvasive ventilatory support during exercise on exercise endurance and dyspnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review. J Cardiopulm Rehabil 2002; 22 (4) 290-297
- 112 Toledo A, Borghi-Silva A, Sampaio LM, Ribeiro KP, Baldissera V, Costa D. The impact of noninvasive ventilation during the physical training in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2007; 62 (2) 113-120
- 113 Johnson JE, Gavin DJ, Adams-Dramiga S. Effects of training with heliox and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation on exercise ability in patients with severe COPD. Chest 2002; 122 (2) 464-472
- 114 Hawkins P, Johnson LC, Nikoletou D , et al. Proportional assist ventilation as an aid to exercise training in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 2002; 57 (10) 853-859
- 115 Costes F, Agresti A, Court-Fortune I, Roche F, Vergnon JM, Barthélémy JC. Noninvasive ventilation during exercise training improves exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Cardiopulm Rehabil 2003; 23 (4) 307-313
- 116 Borghi-Silva A, Mendes RG, Toledo AC , et al. Adjuncts to physical training of patients with severe COPD: oxygen or noninvasive ventilation?. Respir Care 2010; 55 (7) 885-894
- 117 Bianchi L, Foglio K, Pagani M, Vitacca M, Rossi A, Ambrosino N. Effects of proportional assist ventilation on exercise tolerance in COPD patients with chronic hypercapnia. Eur Respir J 1998; 11 (2) 422-427
- 118 Ricci C, Terzoni S, Gaeta M, Sorgente A, Destrebecq A, Gigliotti F. Physical training and noninvasive ventilation in COPD patients: a meta-analysis. Respir Care 2014; 59 (5) 709-717
- 119 Garrod R, Mikelsons C, Paul EA, Wedzicha JA. Randomized controlled trial of domiciliary noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and physical training in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162 (4, Pt 1) 1335-1341
- 120 Duiverman ML, Wempe JB, Bladder G , et al. Nocturnal non-invasive ventilation in addition to rehabilitation in hypercapnic patients with COPD. Thorax 2008; 63 (12) 1052-1057
- 121 Duiverman ML, Wempe JB, Bladder G , et al. Two-year home-based nocturnal noninvasive ventilation added to rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a randomized controlled trial. Respir Res 2011; 12: 112
- 122 Porszasz J, Cao R, Morishige R, van Eykern LA, Stenzler A, Casaburi R. Physiologic effects of an ambulatory ventilation system in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 188 (3) 334-342
- 123 Carlucci A, Richard JC, Wysocki M, Lepage E, Brochard L ; SRLF Collaborative Group on Mechanical Ventilation. Noninvasive versus conventional mechanical ventilation. An epidemiologic survey. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163 (4) 874-880
- 124 Bierer GB, Soo Hoo GW. Noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure: a national survey of Veterans Affairs hospitals. Respir Care 2009; 54 (10) 1313-1320
- 125 Burns KE, Sinuff T, Adhikari NK , et al. Bilevel noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for acute respiratory failure: survey of Ontario practice. Crit Care Med 2005; 33 (7) 1477-1483