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DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1399347
Depression bei Schizophrenie
Depressive symptoms in schizophreniaPublikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
20. April 2015 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Patienten mit einer Schizophrenie entwickeln häufig zusätzlich zu ihrer Grunderkrankung eine komorbide Depression. Die Studienlage zu Prävalenz, Diagnostik und Behandlung ist insgesamt unbefriedigend. In der aktuellen Übersichtsarbeit wurde zum Thema komorbide Depression bei Schizophreniepatienten eine fokussierte Literaturrecherche durchgeführt. Zudem wurden Informationen aus aktuellen internationalen Leitlinien herangezogen.
Dabei konnte gefunden werden, dass in der klinischen Praxis aufgrund der insgesamt komplexen differentialdiagnostischen Einschätzung zuverlässige Messinstrumente verwendet werden sollten. Hierbei hat sich insbesondere die CDSS (Calgary-Depressionsskala für Schizophrenie) bewährt. Zusammenfassend ergibt sich für eine spezifische Empfehlung in der Behandlung depressiver Symptome bei Schizophreniepatienten nur eine geringe Evidenz. Vor therapeutischer Initiierung eines Antidepressivums, sollte zunächst die Optimierung der antipsychotischen Medikation, inklusive der Umstellung auf ein anderes Antipsychotikum mit eher serotenergem Wirkprofil, überlegt werden. In der Gruppe der Antidepressiva scheinen SSRI Vorteile aufzuweisen, wobei die meiste Erfahrung für trizyklische Substanzen vorliegt. Bei insgesamt begrenzter Studienlage zu dieser Thematik sind mehr klinische Interventionsstudien notwendig, um spezifischere Empfehlungen mit ausreichender Evidenz für die klinische Praxis aussprechen zu können.
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia suffer frequently form comorbid depressive symptoms. However, there is a paucity of studies regarding prevalence, clinical diagnostic and treatment in the field. For this review, we performed a focused literature analysis to identify recommendation for the treatment and diagnosis of schizophrenia with comorbid depression. Furthermore, we searched different schizophrenia guidelines for specific treatment recommendations. Due to the complex and heterogeneous picture of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia, the application of standardized assessment tools is recommended. For these purposes, the CDSS (Calgary depression rating scale for Schizophrenia) is such an established tool. In summary, there is only limited evidence for specific treatment recommendations. A change in antipsychotic treatment should usually be preferred before an antidepressant is introduced. In the group of antidepressants, SSRI seem to have some advantages, but most clinical and scientific experience is available for tricyclic antidepressants. Due to the limited original contributions and studies with sufficient methodology, further interventional trials are needed to give specific recommendations with high evidence grades.
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