Intensivmedizin up2date, Table of Contents Intensivmedizin up2date 2014; 10(01): 6-10DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1364919 SOPs in der Intensivmedizin © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York SOP Analgesie und Sedierung Julian Bösel , Björn Ellger Recommend Article Abstract Buy Article All articles of this category Full Text References Literatur 1 Brattebo G, Hofoss D, Flaatten H et al. Effect of a scoring system and protocol for sedation on duration of patientsʼ need for ventilator support in a surgical intensive care unit. BMJ 2002; 324: 1386-1389 2 Breen D, Karabinis A, Malbrain M et al. Decreased duration of mechanical ventilation when comparing analgesia-based sedation using remifentanil with standard hypnotic-based sedation for up to 10 days in intensive care unit patients: a randomised trial [ISRCTN47583497]. Crit Care 2005; 9: R200-210 3 Sessler CN, Varney K. Patient-focused sedation and analgesia in the ICU. Chest 2008; 133: 552-565 4 Martin J, Heymann A, Basell K et al. Evidence and consensus-based German guidelines for the management of analgesia, sedation and delirium in intensive care--short version. Ger Med Sci 2010; 8 Doc02 5 Barr J, Fraser GL, Puntillo K et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2013; 41: 263-306 6 Gelinas C, Arbour C. Behavioral and physiologic indicators during a nociceptive procedure in conscious and unconscious mechanically ventilated adults: similar or different?. J Crit Care 2009; 24: 628 , e627-617. 7 Sessler CN, Grap MJ, Ramsay MA. Evaluating and monitoring analgesia and sedation in the intensive care unit. Crit Care 2008; 12 (Suppl. 03) S2 8 Sessler CN, Gosnell MS, Grap MJ et al. The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale: validity and reliability in adult intensive care unit patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166: 1338-1344 9 Riker RR, Picard JT, Fraser GL. Prospective evaluation of the Sedation-Agitation Scale for adult critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 1999; 27: 1325-1329 10 Payen JF, Bru O, Bosson JL et al. Assessing pain in critically ill sedated patients by using a behavioral pain scale. Crit Care Med 2001; 29: 2258-2263 11 Young J, Siffleet J, Nikoletti S et al. Use of a Behavioural Pain Scale to assess pain in ventilated, unconscious and/or sedated patients. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2006; 22: 32-39 12 Gelinas C, Fillion L, Puntillo KA et al. Validation of the critical-care pain observation tool in adult patients. Am J Crit Care 2006; 15: 420-427 13 Schnakers C, Chatelle C, Vanhaudenhuyse A et al. The Nociception Coma Scale: a new tool to assess nociception in disorders of consciousness. Pain 2010; 148: 215-219 14 Morandi A, Brummel NE, Ely EW. Sedation, delirium and mechanical ventilation: the 'ABCDE' approach. Curr Opin Crit Care 2011; 17: 43-49 15 Kress JP, Pohlman AS, O'Connor MF et al. Daily interruption of sedative infusions in critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1471-1477 16 Girard TD, Kress JP, Fuchs BD et al. Efficacy and safety of a paired sedation and ventilator weaning protocol for mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care (Awakening and Breathing Controlled trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2008; 371: 126-134 17 Mehta S, Burry L, Cook D et al. Daily sedation interruption in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients cared for with a sedation protocol: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2012; 308: 1985-1992