Ultraschall Med 2013; 34(1): 64-68
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1325460
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Ultrasound Guided Cryoablation of Fibroadenomas

Ultraschallgesteuerte Kryoablation von Fibroadenomen
M. Hahn
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Tuebingen
,
D. Pavlista
2   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University Prague and General University Hospital Prague
,
J. Danes
3   Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague
,
R. Klein
4   Department of General Surgery, Assuta medical centers, Haifa
,
M. Golatta
5   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Heidelberg
,
A. Harcos
5   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Heidelberg
,
D. Wallwiener
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Tuebingen
,
I. Gruber
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Tuebingen
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

08 July 2012

07 September 2012

Publication Date:
09 November 2012 (online)

Abstract

Purpose: Fibroadenoma (FA) of the breast is the most common disorders in young women. The aim of the study was to evaluate cryoablation (CA) under ultrasound guidance in the office setting for patients with FA.

Materials and Methods: For this prospective multicenter trial an office-based cryosurgical system was used to treat histological confirmed benign FA with a maximum dimension of 3 cm. 23 CA procedures were performed under ultrasound guidance. The cryoprobe was inserted into the center of the FA guided by real-time ultrasound. A freeze-thaw-freeze treatment cycle was performed according to the size of the FA. During the CA procedure continuous ultrasound monitoring of the ice ball was performed, verifying engulfment of the FA. Patients attended 4 follow-up visits at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year and underwent ultrasound and physical examinations.

Results: Data was collected from 23 procedures. The ice ball engulfed the treated FA in 91.3 %. A sharp reduction in volume was observed at 6-month follow-up and continued more moderately up to 1 year. No serious but four minor adverse events occurred. At 1 year follow-up, lumps that were assessed pre-treatment as hard were assessed as soft or not palpable. 7 patients complained of pain caused by the lump prior to cryotherapy, while 5 of these patients felt transient pain during the follow up period. It is reasonable to assume that the pain was not related to the CA procedure as it was not consistent. In 96 % of the cases patients and physicians rated the cosmetic results of the procedure as excellent or good.

Conclusion: The cryodestruction proved functional and safe, while showing reduction in palpability and pain caused by the FA in the treated patients.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Das Fibroadenom (FA) ist der häufigste benigne Brusttumor junger Frauen. Ziel war es, die ambulante Kryoablation (CA) von FA als minimalinvasive Alternative zur offenen Exzissionsbiopsie bei Frauen mit symptomatischen FA zu untersuchen.

Material und Methode: Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Multizenterstudie wurden Frauen mit histologisch gesichertem FA bis zu einem Durchmesser von max. 3 cm durch CA therapiert. Dabei wurde eine Nadel unter Ultraschallsicht in das Zentrum des FA platziert. In Abhängigkeit vom Durchmesser des FA wurde die Dauer eines Abkühl-Erwärmung-Abkühl-Zyklus bestimmt. Mittels Ultraschall wurde die Ausdehnung des Eisballes um das FA kontrolliert. Die Studienteilnehmer wurden nach 1 Woche sowie 3, 6 und 12 Monaten klinisch und sonografisch nachuntersucht.

Ergebnisse: 23 Patientinnen wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. In 91,3 % der Fälle konnte das Fibroadenom komplett vereist werden. In den ersten 6 Monaten konnte eine ausgedehnte Volumenreduktion festgestellt werden. In den Monaten 7 – 12 postoperativ war ebenfalls eine Volumenreduktion zu beobachten, die jedoch moderater war. Keine schwerwiegende sowie 4 nicht schwerwiegende Komplikationen sind aufgetreten. Alle als derb zu palpierenden Befunde sind nach einem Jahre weich oder nicht mehr palpable gewesen. 7 Patientinnen mit schmerzhaften FA gaben temporäre Schmerzen im Rahmen der Nachbeobachtung an. Da dieser Schmerz nicht persistierte, gehen wir davon aus, dass er nicht mit der Therapie in Zusammenhang steht. Nach einem Jahr stuften 96 % der Patientinnen und Untersucher das kosmetische Ergebnis und den Eingriff selbst als exzellent oder gut ein.

Zusammenfassung: Die CA ist ein effektives und sicheres Therapieverfahren, dass das Volumen palpabler FA sowie die Schmerzhaftigkeit der Befunde deutlich reduziert.

 
  • References

  • 1 Kaufman CS, Bachman B, Littrup PJ et al. Office-based ultrasound-guided cryoablation of breast fibroadenoma. The American Journal of Surgery 2002; 184: 394-400
  • 2 Kaufman CS, Littrup PJ, Freeman-Gibb L et al. Office-based cryoablation of breast fibroadenoma with long-term follow-up. The Breast Journal 2005; 11: 344-350
  • 3 Sperber F, Blank A, Metser U et al. Diagnosis and treatment of breast fibroadenomas by ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy. Arch Surg 2003; 138: 796-800
  • 4 Littrup PJ, Freeman-Gibb L et al. Cryotherapy for Breast Fibroadenomas. Radiology 2005; 234: 263-272
  • 5 Hahn M, Krainick-Strobel U, Toellner T et al. Interdisciplinary Consensus Recommendations for the use of Vacuum-Assisted Breast Biopsy under Sonographic Guidance: First update 2012. Ultraschall in Med 2012; [Epub ahead of print]
  • 6 Hahn M, Fischbach E, Fehm T et al. Are breast biopsies adequately funded? A process cost & revenue analysis. Fortschr Rontg 2011; 183: 347-357
  • 7 Hahn M, Krainick U, Peisker U et al. Eignet sich das Hand Held Mammotome® zur kompletten Entfernung benigner Läsionen der Brust?. Geburtsh Frauenheilk 2004; 64: 719-722
  • 8 Hahn M, Kagan KO, Siegmann KC et al. Mammotome versus ATEC: a comparison of two breast vacuum biopsy techniques under sonographic guidance. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 281: 287-292
  • 9 Hahn M, Roessner L, Krainick-Strobel U et al. Sonographic Criteria for the Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions using Real-Time Spatial Compound Imaging in Combination with XRES Adaptive Image Processing. Ultraschall in Med 2012; 33: 270-274
  • 10 Gruber I, Hahn M, Fehm T et al. Relevance and Methods of Interventional Breast Sonography in Preoperative Axillary Lymph Node Staging. Ultraschall in Med 2011; 33: 337-343
  • 11 Madjar H, Sauerbrei W, Hansen L. Multivariate analysis of flow data in breast lesions and validation in a normal clinical setting. Ultraschall in Med 2011; 32: 511-517
  • 12 Whitworth PW, Rewcastle JC. Cryoablation and cryolocalization in the management of breast disease. Journal of Surgical Oncology 2005; 90: 1-9
  • 13 Kaufman CS, Bachman B, Littrup PJ et al. Cryoablation treatment of benign breast lesions with 12 month follow up. The American Journal of Surgery 2004; 188: 340-348
  • 14 Gage AA, Baust JG. Cryosurgery for tumors – a clinical overview. Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 2004; 3: 187-199
  • 15 Kaufman CS, Rewcastle JC. Cryosurgery for breast cancer. Technology in cancer research & treatment 2004; 3: 165-175
  • 16 Callefi M, Filho DD, Borghetti K et al. Cryoablation of benign breast tumors: evolution of technique and technology. The Breast Journal 2004; 13: 397-407
  • 17 Edwards MJ, Broadwater R, Tafra L et al. Progressive adoption of cryoablative therapy for breast fibroadenoma in community practice. The American Journal of Surgery 2004; 88: 221-224
  • 18 Nurko J, Mabry CD, Whitworth P et al. Interim results from the fibroadenoma cryoablation treatment registry. The American Journal of Surgery 2005; 190: 647-652
  • 19 Kaufman CS, Littrup PJ, Freeman-Gibbs LA et al. Office-based cryoablation of breast fibroadenomas: 12-month follow-up. J Am Coll Surg 2004; 198: 914-923
  • 20 Zimmermann N, Ohlinger R. Diagnostic Value of Palpation, Mammography, and Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Fibroadenoma: Impact of Breast Density, Patient Age, Ultrasonographic Size, and Palpability. Ultraschall in Med 2011; [Epub ahead of print]