Download PDF
Semin Speech Lang 2012; 33(01): 27-43
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1301161
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Potential Causes and Consequences of Overlap in Talk between Speakers with Parkinson’s Disease and Their Familiar Conversation Partners

Sarah Griffiths
1   Department of Linguistics and Communication Sciences, Faculty of Health, Education and Welfare, University College Plymouth St. Mark and St. John
,
Rebecca Barnes
2   Institute of Clinical Education, Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Portland Square, Plymouth, England
,
Nicky Britten
3   Institute of Health Service Research, Peninsula Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, England
,
Ray Wilkinson
4   Department of Language and Communication Science, Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit (NARU), School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, England
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
23 February 2012 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) can cause both motor speech and cognitive deficits, with those affected perceiving a negative effect on their everyday experiences of communication. One specific concern reported by people with PD is that people “talk over” them. Psychosocial reactions to communication changes in PD are highly individualized and do not correlate strongly with measures of disease severity. With the aim of developing a better understanding of the individual’s everyday experience of being talked over, this study uses Conversation Analysis to examine videoed instances of naturally occurring overlapping talk. Two phenomena emerge. First, aspects of speech specific to PD can cause overlap, which in turn leads to the need for repair. Second, opportunities to repair disordered talk, further compromised in terms of intelligibility by overlap, are often not followed up. This leads to the deletion of PD turns at talk and therefore reduced participation in conversations. The implications of these phenomena for both client well-being and clinical interventions are discussed.

Keywords

parkinson’s disease - dysarthria - conversation analysis - overlap - repair
 

  • References

  • 1 Parkinson’s UK. Available at: http://www.parkinsons.org.uk/about_parkinsons/what_is_parkinsons.aspx
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Hartelius L, Svensson P. Speech and swallowing symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis: a survey. Folia Phoniatr Logop 1994; 46: 9-17
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Duffy JR. Motor Speech Disorders: Substrates, Differential Diagnosis and Management. St. Louis, MI: Elsevier Mosby; 2005
    Google Scholar
  • 4 Marinus J, Visser M, Verwey NA et al. Assessment of cognition in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology 2003; 61: 1222-1228
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Poliakoff E, Smith-Spark JH. Everyday cognitive failures and memory problems in Parkinson’s patients without dementia. Brain Cogn 2008; 67: 340-350
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Grossman M, Zurif E, Lee C et al. Information processing speed and sentence comprehension in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychology 2002; 16: 174-181
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Hough MS. Generative word fluency skills in adults with Parkinson’s disease. Aphasiology 2004; 18: 581-588
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Miller N, Noble E, Jones D, Allcock L, Burn DJ. How do I sound to me? Perceived changes in communication in Parkinson’s disease. Clin Rehabil 2008; 22: 14-22
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Miller N, Noble E, Jones D, Burn D. Life with communication changes in Parkinson’s disease. Age Ageing 2006; 35: 235-239
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Griffiths S, Barnes R, Britten N, Wilkinson R. Investigating interactional competencies in Parkinson’s disease: the potential benefits of a conversation analytic approach. Int J Lang Commun Disord 2011; 46: 497-509
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Leeson R. Repair in the conversations of people with Parkinson’s disease. M.Sc. Thesis. London, UK: University College London; 1999
    Google Scholar
  • 12 Sidnell J. Conversation Analysis: An Introduction. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010
    Google Scholar
  • 13 Sacks H, Schegloff EA, Jefferson G. A simplest systematics for the organization of turn taking for conversation. Language 1974; 50: 696-735
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Schegloff EA. Overlapping talk and the organization of turn-taking for conversation. Lang Soc 2000; 29: 1-63
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Jefferson G. Notes on some orderliness of overlap onset. In: D’Urso V, Leonardi P, , eds. Discourse Analysis and Natural Rhetoric. Padua, Italy: Cleup Editore; 1984
    Google Scholar
  • 16 Jefferson G. A sketch of some orderly aspects of overlap in natural conversation. In: Lerner GH, , ed. Conversation Analysis: Studies from the First Generation. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins; 2004: 131-167
    Google Scholar
  • 17 Schegloff EA. Third Turn Repair. In: Guy GR, Feagin C, Schiffrin D, Baugh J, , eds. Towards a Social Science of Language: Papers in Honor of William Labov. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins; 1997: 31-40
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Schegloff E. Sequence Organization in Interaction: A Primer in Conversation Analysis. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2007
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Schegloff EA. When “others” initiate repair. Appl Linguist 2000; 21: 205-243
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Schegloff EA, Jefferson G, Sacks H. The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair in conversation. Language 1977; 53: 361-390
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Jefferson G. Exposed and embedded corrections. In: Button G, Lee JRE, , eds. Talk and Social Organisation. Clevedon Avon, England: Multilingual Matters; 1987: 86-100
    Google Scholar
  • 22 Goffman E. On face-work; an analysis of ritual elements in social interaction. Psychiatry 1955; 18: 213-231
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Bloch S, Beeke S. Co-constructed talk in the conversations of people with dysarthria and aphasia. Clin Linguist Phon 2008; 22: 974-990
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Hoehn MM, Yahr MD. Parkinsonism: onset, progression and mortality. Neurology 1967; 17: 427-442
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Enderby P, Palmer R. Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment, 2nd ed. Austin, TX: Pro-ed; 2008
    Google Scholar
  • 26 Ten Have P. Doing Conversation Analysis: A Practical Guide, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 2007
    Google Scholar
  • 27 Jefferson G. Glossary of transcript symbols with an introduction. In: Conversation Analysis: Studies from the First Generation. Amsterdam, The Netherlands/Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins; 2004: 13-31
    Google Scholar
  • 28 Schegloff EA, Lerner GH. Beginning to respond: well-prefaced responses to wh- questions. Social Interaction 2009; 42: 91-115
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Pomerantz A. Extreme case formulations: a way of legitimizing claims. Hum Stud 1986; 9: 219-229
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Stivers T, Rossano F. Mobilizing response. Res Lang Soc Interact 2010; 43: 3-31
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Illes J, Metter EJ, Hanson WR, Iritani S. Language production in Parkinson’s disease: acoustic and linguistic considerations. Brain Lang 1988; 33: 146-160
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Fox CM, Ramig LO, Ciucci MR, Sapir S, McFarland DH, Farley BG. The science and practice of LSVT/LOUD: neural plasticity-principled approach to treating individuals with Parkinson disease and other neurological disorders. Semin Speech Lang 2006; 27: 283-299
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Lerner GH. Notes on overlap management in conversation: the case of delayed completion. West J Speech Commun 1989; 53: 167-177
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Jefferson G. Notes on latency in overlap onset. Hum Stud 1986; 9: 153-183
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Mandlebaum J. Interactive methods for constructing relationships. In: Glenn P, LeBaron C, Mandelbaum J, , eds. Studies in Language and Social Interaction. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates; 2003: 207-220
    Google Scholar
  • 36 Schegloff EA. One perspective on conversation analysis: comparative perspectives. In: Sidnell J, , ed. Conversation Analysis: Comparative Perspectives. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; 2009: 357-406
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar