Modalitäten des Stagings und der Diagnostik bei Rektumkarzinom

Zusammenfassung

Die Übersichtsarbeit „Modalitäten des Stagings und der Diagnostik bei Rektumkarzinom“ soll einen Einblick in die bildgebende Diagnostik bei Patient*innen mit Rektumkarzinom geben.

Das Rektumkarzinom ist eine der häufigsten Krebserkrankungen mit einer der höchsten Mortalitätsraten weltweit. Die rechtzeitige Diagnose und Therapie dieses Malignoms hat daher eindeutige sozioökonomische Implikationen.

Radiologische Bildgebung spielt bei der Therapieplanung eine entscheidende Rolle. Moderne Schnittbildverfahren werden zur Diagnosestellung und zur Ausbreitungsdiagnostik, dem Staging, eingesetzt.

Die Rolle der einzelnen bildgebenden Verfahren im Rahmen der Diagnostik beim Rektumkarzinom wird im Detail und deren Funktion im Allgemeinen erklärt. Ferner werden relevante Neuerungen und Forschungen auf dem Gebiet der Bildgebung präsentiert.

Speziell soll im Rahmen dieser Übersichtsarbeit der zunehmende Stellenwert der MRT-gestützten lokalen Ausbreitungsdiagnostik herausgestellt werden. Definierte diagnostische Kriterien auf Basis gängiger Empfehlungen werden erklärt. Es wird gezeigt, dass das lokale Staging mittels MRT bei Erstdiagnose und Verlaufskontrolle die therapierenden Disziplinen beim Festlegen eines Therapieplans unterstützen kann. Im Speziellen soll aufgezeigt werden, wie die MRT dabei die Festlegung eines chirurgischen Vorgehens maßgeblich beeinflussen kann.

Abstract

The review titled “Staging and Diagnostics of Rectal Cancer” aims to provide insight to imaging techniques in patients with rectal cancer.

Rectal cancer is among the most common malignancies, with one of the highest mortality rates worldwide. Timely diagnosis and therapy of this cancer therefore has important socio-economic implications.

Radiological imaging plays a major role in the planning of subsequent therapy. Modern tomographic imaging is used not only for initial diagnosis, but also for staging.

The individual role of different imaging techniques in diagnosis of rectal cancer will be explained in detail, and their function in general. Furthermore, we will present relevant radiological research related.

The increasing role of MRI-based local staging will be presented in detail in this review. Defined diagnostic criteria, based on common recommendations, will be explained. We will show how MRI-based local staging can support the initial diagnosis and follow-up examinations in collaboration with other medical specialties in therapeutic planning. In particular, we describe how MRI is capable of substantially influencing the determination of surgical procedures in rectal cancer.

Schlüsselwörter

Abdominalchirurgie - Radiologie - Rektumkarzinom - MRT

Keywords

abdominal surgery - radiology - rectal carcinoma/cancer - MRI

Publication History

Received: 16 November 2023

Accepted after revision: 22 January 2024

Article published online:
05 March 2024

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