Subscribe to RSS
Download PDF
DOI: 10.5999/aps.2012.39.5.452
The Effect of Phosphatidylcholine and Deoxycholate Compound Injections to the Localized Adipose Tissue: An Experimental Study with a Murine Model
This study was supported by grant 02-2009-021 from the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital Research Fund.
Background Phosphatidylcholine (PPC) and deoxycholate (DCA) compound has been recently used for the purpose of partial lipolysis and is valued for its efficacy and lower invasiveness compared to liposuction and dermolipectomy used previously. In this article, the authors discuss the efficacy of the PPC dissolved in DCA via an experimental rat study model, along with suggesting a useful animal experimental model for the study of adipose tissue and lipolysis.
Methods Bilateral inguinal fat pads of an experimental rat were elevated with the deep inferior epigastric vessel as the sole vascular pedicle. Normal saline was injected on one side as a control group and a PPC and DCA compound was injected on the other side. After 4 days, the rats were euthanized for microscopic tissue examination. The pathology was scored by a semiquantitative system in 4 categories: normal fat amount, fat necrosis, inflammatory activity, and stage of fibrosis. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test powered by SPSS packet program was used for statistical analysis and to determine significance.
Results Microscopic examination was performed on the obtained samples, and the experimental data of all four categories showed significant histologic differences compared to the control group. All of the data also showed statistical significance by the Wilcoxon signedrank test (P<0.01).
Conclusions In the inguinal fat pad rat model, the control group and the experimental group had a differed significantly in the amount of normal fat tissue, inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis. We recommend the rat inguinal fat pad model used in this study, as it is likely to be useful in related research.
This article was presented as a poster at the 3rd Asian Biomaterials Congress on September 15-17, 2011 in Busan, Korea.
Publication History
Received: 30 April 2012
Accepted: 31 July 2012
Article published online:
01 May 2022
© 2012. The Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, permitting unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA
-
REFERENCES
- 1 Hasengschwandtner F. Phosphatidylcholine treatment to induce lipolysis. J Cosmet Dermatol 2005; 4: 308-313
- 2 Rose PT, Morgan M. Histological changes associated with mesotherapy for fat dissolution. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2005; 7: 17-19
- 3 Rotunda AM, Kolodney MS. Mesotherapy and phosphatidylcholine injections: historical clarification and review. Dermatol Surg 2006; 32: 465-480
- 4 Palmer M, Curran J, Bowler P. Clinical experience and safety using phosphatidylcholine injections for the localized reduction of subcutaneous fat: a multicentre, retrospective UK study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2006; 5: 218-226
- 5 Co AC, Abad-Casintahan MF, Espinoza-Thaebtharm A. Submental fat reduction by mesotherapy using phosphatidylcholine alone vs. phosphatidylcholine and organic silicium: a pilot study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2007; 6: 250-257
- 6 Pereira LH, Sterodimas A. Correction for the iatrogenic form of banana fold and sensuous triangle deformity. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2008; 32: 923-927
- 7 Bechara FG, Skrygan M, Kreuter A. et al. Cytokine mRNA levels in human fat tissue after injection lipolysis with phosphatidylcholine and deoxycholate. Arch Dermatol Res 2008; 300: 455-459
- 8 Rittes PG, Rittes JC, Carriel Amary MF. Injection of phosphatidylcholine in fat tissue: experimental study of local action in rabbits. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2006; 30: 474-478
- 9 Salles AG, Valler CS, Ferreira MC. Histologic response to injected phosphatidylcholine in fat tissue: experimental study in a new rabbit model. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2006; 30: 479-484
- 10 Treacy PJ, Goldberg DJ. Use of phosphatidylcholine for the correction of lower lid bulging due to prominent fat pads. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2006; 8: 129-132
- 11 Salti G, Ghersetich I, Tantussi F. et al. Phosphatidylcholine and sodium deoxycholate in the treatment of localized fat: a double-blind, randomized study. Dermatol Surg 2008; 34: 60-66
- 12 Duncan DI, Palmer M. Fat reduction using phosphatidylcholine/sodium deoxycholate injections: standard of practice. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2008; 32: 858-872
- 13 Rittes PG. The use of phosphatidylcholine for correction of localized fat deposits. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2003; 27: 315-318
- 14 Hasengschwandtner F. Injection lipolysis for effective reduction of localized fat in place of minor surgical lipoplasty. Aesthet Surg J 2006; 26: 125-130
- 15 Hexsel D, Serra M, Mazzuco R. et al. Phosphatidylcholine in the treatment of localized fat. J Drugs Dermatol 2003; 2: 511-518
- 16 Bechara FG, Sand M, Hoffmann K. et al. Fat tissue after lipolysis of lipomas: a histopathological and immunohistochemical study. J Cutan Pathol 2007; 34: 552-557
- 17 Yagima Odo ME, Cuce LC, Odo LM. et al. Action of sodium deoxycholate on subcutaneous human tissue: local and systemic effects. Dermatol Surg 2007; 33: 178-188
- 18 Rotunda AM, Ablon G, Kolodney MS. Lipomas treated with subcutaneous deoxycholate injections. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 53: 973-978
- 19 Schuller-Petrovic S, Wolkart G, Hofler G. et al. Tissue-toxic effects of phosphatidylcholine/deoxycholate after subcutaneous injection for fat dissolution in rats and a human volunteer. Dermatol Surg 2008; 34: 529-542
- 20 Rha EY, Kang JA, Lee JH. et al. Comparative analysis about the effect of isolated phosphatidylcholine and sodium deoxycholate for the viability of adipocyte. J Korean Soc Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 37: 531-534