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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci 2022; 15(02): 250-258
DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20220047
Reviews

Impact of sleep apnea and treatments on cardiovascular disease

Andre Faria
1   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil.
,
Arthur Macedo
1   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil.
,
Carolina Castro
1   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil.
,
Elke Valle
1   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil.
,
Raquel Lacerda
1   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina - Belo Horizonte - MG - Brazil.
,
Najib Ayas
2   University of British Columbia, Divisions of Critical Care and Respiratory Medicine - Vancouver - BC - Canada.
,
Ismail Laher 
3   University of British Columbia, Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics - Vancouver - BC - Canada.
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of mortality worldwide, accounting for nearly 18 million deaths per year. Among other considerations, treating CVDs requires better understanding their risk factors. Sleep-disordered breathing, especially obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is a likely contributor to several CVDs. We review key epidemiological data that addresses the link between OSA and cardiovascular outcomes such as hypertension, atrial fibrillation (AF), stroke, atherosclerosis, and heart failure (HF), and proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association. There are several biological pathways linking OSA and an increased propensity to cardiovascular diseases, and we discuss the evidence on the benefits of treatments of OSA on the prevalence of cardiovascular complications.

Sleep Apnea - Obstructive - Hypertension - Stroke - Atrial Fibrillation - Continuous Positive Airway Pressure - Weight Loss


Publication History

Received: 25 June 2021

Accepted: 01 November 2021

Article published online:
01 December 2023

© 2023. Brazilian Sleep Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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