Subscribe to RSS
![](/products/assets/desktop/img/oa-logo.png)
DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_314_18
Retinoblastoma: A retrospective analysis of 141 patients from 1983 to 2013 at a tertiary care hospital in Nagpur, India
Financial support and sponsorship Nil.![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/10.1055-s-00049561/201903/lookinside/thumbnails/10-4103_sajc-sajc_314_18_195-1.jpg)
Abstract
Purpose: There is scarcity of data regarding clinical presentation and outcome of retinoblastoma patients in India. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the clinical profile of retinoblastoma patients in a tertiary care hospital in India from 1983 to 2013. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical records of 141 patients with retinoblastoma registered from 1983 to 2013 at Government Medical College, Nagpur, India, was conducted. Demographics, clinical features, modes of treatment, and outcome of the patients were assessed. Results: Majority of patients (81 [57.45%]) presented in the age group of 1–3 years and were males. One hundred and fourteen patients (80.85%) had unilateral disease, while rare presentations of trilateral/quadrilateral retinoblastoma were also noted. Proptosis was seen in 81 (57.45%) patients as presenting symptom. Eighty-nine patients (63.12%) had locally invasive disease-involving sites. Forty-four patients (31.19%) developed distant metastasis. Surgical management and external beam radiotherapy were followed in majority of patients. Trend of increased usage of chemotherapy was seen from the mid-1990s. One hundred and twelve patients (79.43%) died with the disease. Conclusions: Data from this study show late diagnosis, leading to poor outcome for patients with advanced retinoblastoma, which is in accordance with data from other developing countries. Even though management of patients changed in accordance with changing standard of care over the decade, mortality remained high.
Publication History
Article published online:
21 December 2020
© 2019. MedIntel Services Pvt Ltd. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India
-
References
- 1 Shields JA, Shields CL. Retinoblastoma in Intraocular Tumors – A Text and Atlas. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2007. p. 294-318.
- 2 Berman EL, Donaldson CE, Giblin M, Martin FJ. Outcomes in retinoblastoma, 1974-2005: The children's hospital, Westmead. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2007;35:5-12.
- 3 MacCarthy A, Birch JM, Draper GJ, Hungerford JL, Kingston JE, Kroll ME, et al. Retinoblastoma in great Britain 1963-2002. Br J Ophthalmol 2009;93:33-7.
- 4 Bowman RJ, Mafwiri M, Luthert P, Luande J, Wood M. Outcome of retinoblastoma in east Africa. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:160-2.
- 5 Bhurgri Y, Muzaffar S, Ahmed R, Ahmed N, Bhurgri H, Usman A, et al. Retinoblastoma in Karachi, Pakistan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2004;5:159-63.
- 6 de Camargo B, de Oliveira Santos M, Rebelo MS, de Souza Reis R, Ferman S, Noronha CP, et al. Cancer incidence among children and adolescents in Brazil:First report of 14 population-based cancer registries. Int J Cancer 2010;126:715-20.
- 7 Kaimbo DK, Kilangalanga J, Missotten L. Exophthalmias in zaire. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol 1995;259:199-204.
- 8 Kaimbo WK, Mvitu MM, Missotten L. Presenting signs of retinoblastoma in Congolese patients. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol 2002;283:37-41.
- 9 Kayembe L. Retinoblastoma: 21-year review. J Fr Ophtalmol 1986;9:561-5.
- 10 Bekibele CO, Ayede AI, Asaolu OO, Brown BJ. Retinoblastoma: The challenges of management in Ibadan, Nigeria. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2009;31:552-5.
- 11 Kivelä T. Trilateral retinoblastoma: A meta-analysis of hereditary retinoblastoma associated with primary ectopic intracranial retinoblastoma. J Clin Oncol 1999;17:1829-37.
- 12 Du W, Pogoriler J. Retinoblastoma family genes. Oncogene 2006;25:5190-200.
- 13 Antoneli CB, Steinhorst F, Ribeiro Kde C, Chojniak MM, Novaes PE, Arias V, et al. The pediatrician's ability to recognize the presenting signs and symptoms of retinoblastoma. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2004;50:400-2.
- 14 Jubran RF, Erdreich-Epstein A, Butturini A, Murphree AL, Villablanca JG. Approaches to treatment for extraocular retinoblastoma: Children's hospital Los Angeles experience. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2004;26:31-4.
- 15 Kanski JJ 2nd. Clinical Ophthalmology – A Systematic Approach. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinmann; 1992. p. 401-5.
- 16 Bakhshi S, Bakhshi R. Genetics and management of retinoblastoma. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2007;12:109-11.
- 17 Abramson DH, Beaverson KL, Chang ST, Dunkel IJ, McCormick B. Outcome following initial external beam radiotherapy in patients with Reese-Ellsworth group Vb retinoblastoma. Arch Ophthalmol 2004;122:1316-23.
- 18 Fletcher GH 3rd. Textbook of Radiotherapy. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1980. p. 504.
- 19 Ali AA, Elsheikh SM, Elhaj A, Osman N, Abuidris D, Eltayeb EA, et al. Clinical presentation and outcome of retinoblastoma among children treated at the national cancer institute (NCI) in Gezira, Sudan: A single institution experience. Ophthalmic Genet 2011;32:122-5.
- 20 Mukhtar AU, Kagame K. Pathological study of retinoblastoma in Mbarara, Uganda. Cent Afr J Med 2000;46:13-6.