Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2017; 11(02): 149-156
DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_313_16
Original Article
Dental Investigation Society

Discoloration of different esthetic restorative materials: A spectrophotometric evaluation

Matteo Ceci
1   Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
,
Matteo Viola
1   Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
,
Davide Rattalino
1   Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
,
Riccardo Beltrami
1   Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
,
Marco Colombo
1   Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
,
Claudio Poggio
1   Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
23 September 2019 (online)

Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

ABSTRACT

Objective: A crucial property of esthetic restorative materials is their long-term color stability. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the color stability of esthetic restorative materials (one microfilled flowable composite, one nanofilled composite, one nanoybrid composite, one microfilled composite, and one nanoybrid ormocer-based composite) after surface roughening with cola and exposure to different staining solutions (coffee and red wine).Materials and Methods: All materials were polymerized into silicone rubber rings (2 mm × 6 mm × 8 mm) to obtain 150 specimens identical in size. Seventy-five specimens of Group A were first exposed to cola for 24 h, and then samples were immersed in coffee or red wine over a 28-day test period. A colorimetric evaluation, according to the CIE L*a*b* system, was performed at 7, 14, 21, 28 days. Shapiro–Wilk test and Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance were applied to assess significant differences among restorative materials. Means were compared with Scheffe's multiple comparison test at the 0.05 level of significance.Results: Specimens of Group A showed higher variations when compared with Group B's specimens (P < 0.05). After 28 days, the immersion protocols caused a clinically perceivable color change for all materials tested (P < 0.05). CeramX Universal and Admira Fusion showed the lowest ΔE variations (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Staining beverages caused significant discolorations for all the materials tested. The first exposure to cola enhanced the subsequent staining with coffee or red wine. Nanohybrid composites reported the lowest color variations.

Key words:

CIE Lab - composite resins - discoloration
 

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Villalta P, Lu H, Okte Z, Garcia-Godoy F, Powers JM. Effects of staining and bleaching on color change of dental composite resins. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 95: 137-42
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Mundim FM, Garcia Lda F, Pires-de-Souza Fde C. Effect of staining solutions and repolishing on color stability of direct composites. J Appl Oral Sci 2010; 18: 249-54
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Bagheri R, Burrow MF, Tyas M. Influence of food-simulating solutions and surface finish on susceptibility to staining of aesthetic restorative materials. J Dent 2005; 33: 389-98
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Reis AF, Giannini M, Lovadino JR, Ambrosano GM. Effects of various finishing systems on the surface roughness and staining susceptibility of packable composite resins. Dent Mater 2003; 19: 12-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Omata Y, Uno S, Nakaoki Y, Tanaka T, Sano H, Yoshida S. et al. Staining of hybrid composites with coffee, oolong tea, or red wine. Dent Mater J 2006; 25: 125-31
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Soares-Geraldo D, Scaramucci T, Steagall-Jr W, Braga SR, Sobral MA. Interaction between staining and degradation of a composite resin in contact with colored foods. Braz Oral Res 2011; 25: 369-75
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Barutcigil Ç, Yildiz M. Intrinsic and extrinsic discoloration of dimethacrylate and silorane based composites. J Dent 2012; 40 (Suppl. 01) e57-63
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Vichi A, Ferrari M, Davidson CL. Color and opacity variations in three different resin-based composite products after water aging. Dent Mater 2004; 20: 530-4
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 de Gee AJ, ten Harkel-Hagenaar E, Davidson CL. Color dye for identification of incompletely cured composite resins. J Prosthet Dent 1984; 52: 626-31
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Senawongse P, Pongprueksa P. Surface roughness of nanofill and nanohybrid resin composites after polishing and brushing. J Esthet Restor Dent 2007; 19: 265-73
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Ferracane JL. Resin composite – State of the art. Dent Mater 2011; 27: 29-38
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Kalra S, Singh A, Gupta M, Chadha V. Ormocer: An aesthetic direct restorative material; an in vitro study comparing the marginal sealing ability of organically modified ceramics and a hybrid composite using an ormocer-based bonding agent and a conventional fifth-generation bonding agent. Contemp Clin Dent 2012; 3: 48-53
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Lawson NC, Radhakrishnan R, Givan DA, Ramp LC, Burgess JO. Two-year randomized, controlled clinical trial of a flowable and conventional composite in class I restorations. Oper Dent 2015; 40: 594-602
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Schirrmeister JF, Huber K, Hellwig E, Hahn P. Four-year evaluation of a resin composite including nanofillers in posterior cavities. J Adhes Dent 2009; 11: 399-404
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Cetin AR, Unlu N, Cobanoglu N. A five-year clinical evaluation of direct nanofilled and indirect composite resin restorations in posterior teeth. Oper Dent 2013; 38: E1-11
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Palaniappan S, Elsen L, Lijnen I, Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P. Three-year randomised clinical trial to evaluate the clinical performance, quantitative and qualitative wear patterns of hybrid composite restorations. Clin Oral Investig 2010; 14: 441-58
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Poggio C, Dagna A, Chiesa M, Colombo M, Scribante A. Surface roughness of flowable resin composites eroded by acidic and alcoholic drinks. J Conserv Dent 2012; 15: 137-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Badra VV, Faraoni JJ, Ramos RP, Palma-Dibb RG. Influence of different beverages on the microhardness and surface roughness of resin composites. Oper Dent 2005; 30: 213-9
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Borges A, Caneppele T, Luz M, Pucci C, Torres C. Color stability of resin used for caries infiltration after exposure to different staining solutions. Oper Dent 2014; 39: 433-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Paravina RD, Ghinea R, Herrera LJ, Bona AD, Igiel C, Linninger M. et al. Colordifference thresholds in dentistry. J Esthet Restor Dent 2015; (Suppl. 27) Suppl 1: 1-9
    Google Scholar
  • 21 Schulze KA, Marshall SJ, Gansky SA, Marshall GW. Color stability and hardness in dental composites after accelerated aging. Dent Mater 2003; 19: 612-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Brook AH, Smith RN, Lath DJ. The clinical measurement of tooth colour and stain. Int Dent J 2007; 57: 324-30
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Noie F, O'Keefe KL, Powers JM. Color stability of resin cements after accelerated aging. Int J Prosthodont 1995; 8: 51-5
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Poggio C, Beltrami R, Scribante A, Colombo M, Chiesa M. Surface discoloration of composite resins: Effects of staining and bleaching. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012; 9: 567-73
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Lee YK, Powers JM. Discoloration of dental resin composites after immersion in a series of organic and chemical solutions. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2005; 73: 361-7
    Google Scholar
  • 26 Ertas E, Güler AU, Yücel AC, Köprülü H, Güler E. Color stability of resin composites after immersion in different drinks. Dent Mater J 2006; 25: 371-6
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Guler AU, Yilmaz F, Kulunk T, Guler E, Kurt S. Effects of different drinks on stainability of resin composite provisional restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent 2005; 94: 118-24
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Tunc ES, Bayrak S, Guler AU, Tuloglu N. The effects of children's drinks on the color stability of various restorative materials. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2009; 34: 147-50
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Um CM, Ruyter IE. Staining of resin-based veneering materials with coffee and tea. Quintessence Int 1991; 22: 377-86
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Catelan A, Briso AL, Sundfeld RH, Goiato MC, dos Santos PH. Color stability of sealed composite resin restorative materials after ultraviolet artificial aging and immersion in staining solutions. J Prosthet Dent 2011; 105: 236-41
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Aliping-McKenzie M, Linden RW, Nicholson JW. The effect of Coca-Cola and fruit juices on the surface hardness of glass-ionomers and 'compomers'. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31: 1046-52
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Dietschi D, Campanile G, Holz J, Meyer JM. Comparison of the color stability of ten new-generation composites: An in vitro study. Dent Mater 1994; 10: 353-62
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Fontes ST, Fernández MR, de Moura CM, Meireles SS. Color stability of a nanofill composite: Effect of different immersion media. J Appl Oral Sci 2009; 17: 388-91
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Van Landuyt KL, Snauwaert J, De Munck J, Peumans M, Yoshida Y, Poitevin A. et al. Systematic review of the chemical composition of contemporary dental adhesives. Biomaterials 2007; 28: 3757-85
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Sideridou I, Tserki V, Papanastasiou G. Study of water sorption, solubility and modulus of elasticity of light-cured dimethacrylate-based dental resins. Biomaterials 2003; 24: 655-65
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Reis AF, Giannini M, Lovadino JR, dos Santos Dias CT. The effect of six polishing systems on the surface roughness of two packable resin-based composites. Am J Dent 2002; 15: 193-7
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Nasim I, Neelakantan P, Sujeer R, Subbarao CV. Color stability of microfilled, microhybrid and nanocomposite resins – An in vitro study. J Dent 2010; (Suppl. 38) Suppl 2: 137-42
    Google Scholar
  • 38 Paravina RD, Roeder L, Lu H, Vogel K, Powers JM. Effect of finishing and polishing procedures on surface roughness, gloss and color of resin-based composites. Am J Dent 2004; 17: 262-6
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Bacchi A, Feitosa VP, da Silva Fonseca AS, Cavalcante LM, Silikas N, Schneider LF. Shrinkage, stress, and modulus of dimethacrylate, ormocer, and silorane composites. J Conserv Dent 2015; 18: 384-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Gregor L, Krejci I, Di Bella E, Feilzer AJ, Ardu S. Silorane, ormocer, methacrylate and compomer long-term staining susceptibility using ΔE and ΔE 00 colour-difference formulas. Odontology 2016; 104: 305-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Farah RI, Elwi H. Spectrophotometric evaluation of color changes of bleach-shade resin-based composites after staining and bleaching. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014; 15: 587-94
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Malhotra N, Shenoy RP, Acharya S, Shenoy R, Mayya S. Effect of three indigenous food stains on resin-based, microhybrid-, and nanocomposites. J Esthet Restor Dent 2011; 23: 250-7
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Ayad NM. Susceptibility of restorative materials to staining by common beverages: An in vitro study. Eur J Esthet Dent 2007; 2: 236-47
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Ren YF, Feng L, Serban D, Malmstrom HS. Effects of common beverage colorants on color stability of dental composite resins: The utility of a thermocycling stain challenge model in vitro . J Dent 2012; 40 (Suppl. 01) 48-56
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar