Evaluation of in vitro susceptibility of fosfomycin among Enterobacteriaceae isolates from urine cultures: A study from Puducherry

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The increasing drug resistance among Gram-negative uropathogens and a lack of effective oral antibiotics have limited the therapeutic options available for urinary tract infections (UTIs). This shortage of newer antibiotics has paved the way for considering the use of older antibiotics such as fosfomycin. This study aims to evaluate the in vitro susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae isolates to fosfomycin.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this descriptive study conducted over a period of 6 months, we processed 1500 urine samples. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates were subjected to in vitro susceptibility testing to fosfomycin, in addition to the regularly used urinary antibiotics, by Kirby–Bauer disc-diffusion method.

RESULTS: Of 1500 urine samples processed, 582 samples yielded the growth of pathogens. Enterobacteriaceae accounted for 392 (67.3%) of the isolates. Among these isolates, lower rates of resistance were observed for imipenem (4.1%) and fosfomycin (13.3%). Relatively higher rates of resistance were observed for nitrofurantoin (35.5%) and amikacin (30.9%). Nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, gentamicin, cefotaxime, and cotrimoxazole showed a high resistance rate of 82.7%, 69.6%, 52.3%, 69.1%, and 71.4%, respectively. All antibiotics, except fosfomycin, were in routine clinical use in our hospital. The low resistance (13.3%) to fosfomycin is indicative of its utility as an excellent urinary antibiotic.

CONCLUSIONS: Uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae isolates displayed excellent in vitro susceptibility to fosfomycin. These in vitro findings suggest the unexplored potential of fosfomycin as a superior therapeutic option for treating uncomplicated UTI.

Key words

Enterobacteriaceae - fosfomycin - urinary tract infection

Publication History

Received: 17 February 2019

Accepted: 23 August 2019

Article published online:
07 April 2020

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