Subscribe to RSS
![](/products/assets/desktop/img/oa-logo.png)
DOI: 10.4103/2278-9626.189256
Chromatic and surface alterations in enamel subjected to brushing with desensitizing whitening toothpaste
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/10.1055-s-00051518/201603/lookinside/thumbnails/10-4103-2278-9626-189256_189256-1.jpg)
Abstract
Aim: This study evaluated the chromatic and surface changes on enamel after toothbrushing with whitening and desensitizing toothpaste. Materials and Methods: Sixty enamel blocks were prepared, pigmented, and stratified according to initial Knoop microhardness and divided into six groups. The average roughness (Ra) was determined from two readings. After 24 h in artificial saliva, 10,000 cycles of simulated brushing were applied. The Ra was measured after 5000 and 10,000 cycles, and tooth wear was determined. The mean roughness was evaluated, and tooth color was recorded before and after treatment. Results: Brushing with dentifrices increased the roughness of enamel in all groups. It was lower for Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief + Bleaching, Colgate maximum protection anti-caries, and the control group. Greater roughness was observed in dentifrices containing silica. Greater wear was found with Sensodyne bleaching extra fresh and in the control group. The best bleaching effect was found with Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief + Bleaching. Colgate Sensitive Whitening, Oral-B Pro-Health Whitening, and Sensodyne Whitening Extra Fresh showed major changes on surface roughness. Conclusion: The physical characteristics of the minerals of the toothpaste appear to be the major determinant of dental abrasion, not their quantity or whitening capacity, or rather their ability to remove enamel surface stains.
Keywords
Dentifrices - dentin desensitizing agents - dentin sensitivity - tooth bleaching - tooth wearPublication History
Article published online:
01 November 2021
© 2016. European Journal of General Dentistry. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.)
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India
-
References
-
1
Joiner A. Whitening toothpastes: A review of the literature. J Dent 2010;38 Suppl 2:e17-24.
-
2
West NX, Hooper SM, O′Sullivan D, Hughes N, North M, Macdonald EL, et al. In situ randomised trial investigating abrasive effects of two desensitising toothpastes on dentine with acidic challenge prior to brushing. J Dent 2012;40:77-85.
-
3
Arnold WH, Prange M, Naumova EA. Effectiveness of various toothpastes on dentine tubule occlusion. J Dent 2015;43:440-9.
-
4
da Cas NV, Ruat GR, Bueno RP, Pachaly R, Pozzobon RT. Effect of whitening toothpaste on superficial roughness of composite resin. Gen Dent 2013;61:e8-11.
-
5
Patil PA, Ankola AV, Hebbal MI, Patil AC. Comparison of effectiveness of abrasive and enzymatic action of whitening toothpastes in removal of extrinsic stains - A clinical trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2015;13:25-9.
-
6
Travassos AC, Rocha Gomes Torres C, Borges AB, Barcellos DC. In vitro assessment of chemical activation efficiency during in-office dental bleaching. Oper Dent 2010;35:287-94.
-
7
Hayacibara MF, Ambrozano GM, Cury JA. Simultaneous release of fluoride and aluminum from dental materials in various immersion media. Oper Dent 2004;29:16-22.
-
8
Vieira AE, Delbem AC, Sassaki KT, Rodrigues E, Cury JA, Cunha RF. Fluoride dose response in pH-cycling models using bovine enamel. Caries Res 2005;39:514-20.
-
9
Wegehaupt FJ, Attin T. The role of fluoride and casein phosphopeptide/amorphous calcium phosphate in the prevention of erosive/abrasive wear in an in vitro model using hydrochloric acid. Caries Res 2010;44:358-63.
-
10
Lima DA, Silva AL, Aguiar FH, Liporoni PC, Munin E, Ambrosano GM, et al. In vitro assessment of the effectiveness of whitening dentifrices for the removal of extrinsic tooth stains. Braz Oral Res 2008;22:106-11.
-
11
Hefferren JJ. Historical view of dentifrice functionality methods. J Clin Dent 1998;9:53-6.
-
12
Joiner A, Philpotts CJ, Ashcroft AT, Laucello M, Salvaderi A. In vitro cleaning, abrasion and fluoride efficacy of a new silica based whitening toothpaste containing blue covarine. J Dent 2008;36 Suppl 1:S32-7.
-
13
Torres CR, Perote LC, Gutierrez NC, Pucci CR, Borges AB. Efficacy of mouth rinses and toothpaste on tooth whitening. Oper Dent 2013;38:57-62.
-
14
de Araújo DB, Silva LR, Campos Ede J, Correia de Araújo RP. In vitro study on tooth enamel lesions related to whitening dentifrice. Indian J Dent Res 2011;22:770-6.
-
15
Hilgenberg SP, Pinto SC, Farago PV, Santos FA, Wambier DS. Physical-chemical characteristics of whitening toothpaste and evaluation of its effects on enamel roughness. Braz Oral Res 2011;25:288-94.
-
16
Horn BA, Bittencourt BF, Gomes OM, Farhat PA. Clinical evaluation of the whitening effect of over-the-counter dentifrices on vital teeth. Braz Dent J 2014;25:203-6.
-
17
Meireles SS, Heckmann SS, Leida FL, dos Santos Ida S, Della Bona A, Demarco FF. Efficacy and safety of 10% and 16% carbamide peroxide tooth-whitening gels: A randomized clinical trial. Oper Dent 2008;33:606-12.
-
18
Meyers IA, McQueen MJ, Harbrow D, Seymour GJ. The surface effect of dentifrices. Aust Dent J 2000;45:118-24.
-
19
Kleber CJ, Moore MH, Nelson BJ. Laboratory assessment of tooth whitening by sodium bicarbonate dentifrices. J Clin Dent 1998;9:72-5.
-
20
Moran J, Claydon NC, Addy M, Newcombe R. Clinical studies to determine the effectiveness of a whitening toothpaste at reducing stain (using a forced stain model). Int J Dent Hyg 2005;3:25-30.
-
21
Pinto SC, Hilgenberg SP, Wambier DS, Farago PV, Bandéca MC, Santos FA. Characterization of dentifrices containing desensitizing agents, triclosan or whitening agents: EDX and SEM analysis. Braz Dent J 2014;25:153-9.
-
22
Collins LZ, Naeeni M, Platten SM. Instant tooth whitening from a silica toothpaste containing blue covarine. J Dent 2008;36 Suppl 1:S21-5.