PDF herunterladen
Indian Journal of Neurosurgery 2012; 01(02): 130-138
DOI: 10.4103/2277-9167.102279
Review Article
Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd.

Biobanking for cancer research: Preservation of tissue integrity – Some technical considerations

S.K. Shankar
,
Anita Mahadevan
Verantwortlicher Herausgeber dieser Rubrik:
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
18. Januar 2017 (online)

Auch verfügbar auf
  als PDF herunterladen  Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

Biobanking and biomarker discovery have become an integral part of neuro-oncology research. Towards achieving this end, the essential requirement is optimizing methods of tissue preservation of human tissues removed at surgery for diagnostic purposes and banking them for subserving future research. Owing to recent advances in molecular diagnostic tools, this clinical material has become a precious source for proteomic and genomic studies. The advent of biotechnological tools such as microarray, proteomics, and genomics has made it essential to preserve not just morphology but also the quality of nucleic acids and proteins, changing the traditional workflow of a pathology laboratory. It is therefore essential to develop simple technologies for tissue fixation and storage ensure that receptor and molecular integrity is reasonably maintained. Knowledge of the basic chemistry of tissue fixatives, the biochemical changes that take place in biological material by utilizing different techniques of fixation is essential while undertaking molecular, genomic, and proteomic studies on fresh and archival tissues.

Key words

Formalin - formalin-free fixatives - molecular integrity of tissue - biobanking - neuro-oncology
 

  • References

  • 1 Polge C. Fertilizing capacity of bull spermatozoa after freezing at 79 degrees C. Nature 1952; 169: 626-657
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Rowley SD, Anderson GL. Effect of DMSO exposure without cryopreservation on hematopoietic progenitor cells. Bone Marrow Transplant 1993; 11: 389-393
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Júnior AM, Arrais CA, Saboya R, Velasques RD, Junqueira PL, Dulley FL. Neurotoxicity associated with dimethylsulfoxide-preserved hematopoietic progenitor cell infusion. Bone Marrow Transplant 2008; 41: 95-96
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Abdelkefi A, Lakhal A, Moojat N, Hamed LB, Fekih J, Ladeb S. et al Othman TB. Severe neurotoxicity associated with dimethyl sulphoxide following PBSCT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009; 44: 323-324
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Hanna J, Hubel A. Preservation of stem cells. Organogenesis 2009; 5: 134-137
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Cross SS, Start RD, Smith JH. Does delay in fixation affect the number of mitotic figures in processed tissue?. J Clin Pathol 1990; 43: 597-599
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Lievre A, Chapusot C, Bouvier AM, Zinzindozoue F, Piard F, Roignot P. et al Clinical value of mitochondrial mutations in colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 3517-3528
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Bra-goszewski P, Kupryjanczyk J, Bartnik E, Rachinger A, Ostrowski J. Limited clinical relevance of mitochondrial DNA mutation and gene expression analysis in ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2008; 8: 292
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Schraml P, Kononen J, Bubendorf L, Moch H, Bissig H, Nocito A. et al Tissue microarrays for gene amplification surveys in many different tumor types. Clin Cancer Res 1999; 5: 1966-1975
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Jewell SD, Srinivasan M, McCart LM, Williams N, Grizzle MD IH, LiVolsi V. et al Analysis of the molecular quality of human tissues, An experience from the Cooperative Human Tissue Network. Am J Clin Pathol 2002; 118: 733-741
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Zhong H, Simons JW. Direct comparison of GAPDH, beta-actin cyclophilin, and 28S rRNA as internal standards for quantifying RNA levels under hypoxia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 259: 523-526
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Tso JY, Sun XH, Kao TH, Reece KS, Wu R. Isolation and characterization of rat and human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase cDNAs: Genomic complexity and molecular evolution of the gene. Nucleic Acids Res 1985; 13: 2485-2502
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Margan SH, Handelsman DJ, Mann S, Russell P, Rogers J, Khadra MH. et al Quality of nucleic acids extracted from fresh prostatic tissue obtained from TURP procedures. J Urol 2000; 163: 613-615
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Berger A, Bruschek M, Grethen C, Sperl W, Kofler B. Poor storage and handling of tissue mimics mitochondrial DNA depletion. Diagn Mol Pathol 2001; 10: 55-59
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Caggana M, Benjamin MB, Little JB, Liber HL, Kelsey KT. Single-strand conformation polymorphisms can be used to detect T cell receptor gene rearrangements: An application to the in vivo hprt mutation assay. Mutagenesis 1991; 6: 375-379
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Harish G, Venkateshappa C, Mahadevan A, Pruthi N, Srinivas Bharath MM, Shankar SK. Effect of premortem and postmortem factors on the distribution and preservation of antioxidant activities in the cytosol and synaptosomes of human brains. Biopreserv Biobank 2012; 10: 253-265
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 van Maldegem F, de Wit M, Morsink F, Musler A, Weegenaar J, van Noesel CJ. Effects of processing delay, formalin fixation and immunohistochemistry on RNA Recovery From Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections. Diagn Mol Pathol 2008; 17: 51-58
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Blow N. Technology Feature Tissue preparation: Tissue issues. Nature 2007; 448: 959-962
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Baker AF, Dragovich T, Ihle NT, Williams R, Fenoglio-Preiser C, Powis G. Stability of phosphoprotein as a biological marker of tumor signaling. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11: 4338-4340
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Tokuda Y, Nakamura T, Satonaka K, Maeda S, Doi K, Baba S. et al Fundamental study on the mechanism of DNA degradation in tissues fixed in formaldehyde. J Clin Pathol 1990; 43: 748-751
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Williams C, Ponten F, Moberg C, Söderkvist P, Uhlen M, Ponten J. et al A high frequency of sequence alterations is due to formalin fixation of archival specimens. Am J Pathol 1999; 155: 1467-1471
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Yagi N, Satonaka K, Horio M, Shimogaki H, Tokuda Y, Maeda S. The role of DNase and EDTA on DNA degradation in formaldehyde fixed tissues. Biotech Histochem 1996; 71: 123-129
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Srinivasan M, Sedmak D, Jewell S. Effect of fixatives and tissue processing on the content and integrity of nucleic acids. Am J Pathol 2002; 161: 1961-1971
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Masuda N, Ohnishi T, Kawamoto S, Monden M, Okubo K. Analysis of chemical modification of RNA from formalin-fixed samples and optimization of molecular biology applications for such samples. Nucleic Acids Res 1999; 27: 4436-4443
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Ferrer I, Armstrong J, Capellari S, Parchi P, Arzberger T, Bell J. et al Effects of formalin fixation, paraffin embedding, and time of storage on DNA preservation in brain tissue: A BrainNet Europe study. Brain Pathol 2007; 17: 297-303
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 World Health Organization International Agency For Research On Cancer IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Vol. 88. Formaldehyde, 2.Butoxyethanol and 1-tert-Butoxypropan-2-ol, 2006. 27. Foss RD, Find all citations by this author (default).
    PubMed
  • 27 Foss RD, Guha-Thakurta N, Conran RM, Gutman P. Effects of fixative and fixation time on the extraction and polymerase chain reaction amplification of RNA from paraffin-embedded tissue. Comparison of two housekeeping gene mRNA controls. Diagn Mol Pathol 1994; 3: 148-155
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Shibutani M, Uneyama C, Miyazaki K, Toyoda K, Hirose M. Methacarn fixation: A novel tool for analysis of gene expressions in paraffin-embedded tissue specimens. Lab Invest 2000; 80: 199-208
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Mitchell D, Ibrahim S, Gusterson BA. Improved immunohistochemical localization of tissue antigens using modified methacarn fixation. J Histochem Cytochem 1985; 33: 491-495
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Wester K, Asplund A, Bäckvall H, Micke P, Derveniece A, Hartmane I. et al Zinc-based fixative improves preservation of genomic DNA and proteins in histoprocessing of human tissues. Lab Invest 2003; 83: 889-899
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Lykidis D, Van Noorden S, Armstrong A, Spencer-Dene B, Li J, Zhuang Z. et al Novel zinc-based fixative for high quality DNA, RNA and protein analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 2007; 35: e85
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Stanta G, Mucelli SP, Petrera F, Bonin S, Bussolati G. A novel fixative improves opportunities of nucleic acids and proteomic analysis in human archive’s tissues. Diagn Mol Pathol 2006; 15: 115-123
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Virginia Espina V, Mueller C, Edmiston K, Sciro M, Emanuel F, Petricoin EF. et al Tissue is alive: New technologies are needed to address the problems of protein biomarker pre-analytical variability. Proteomics Clin Appl 2009; 3: 874-882
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Wiedorn JO, Goldmann T, Kühl H, Mehraein Y, Scherthan H, Niketeghad F. et al HOPE Fixation: A Novel Fixing Method and Paraffin-embedding Technique for Human Soft Tissues. Pathol Res Pract 2001; 197: 823-826
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Sato Y, Mukai K, Furuya S, Kameya T, Hirohashi S. The AMeX method: A multipurpose tissue-processing and paraffin-embedding method. Extraction of protein and application to immunoblotting. Am J Pathol 1992; 140: 775-779
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Vincek V, Nassiri M, Block N, Welsh CF, Nadji M, Morales AR. Methodology for preservation of high molecular-weight RNA in paraffin-embedded tissue: Application for laser-capture microdissection. Diagn Mol Pathol 2005; 14: 127-133
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Delfour C, Roger P, Berthe CB, Rochaix P, Kalfa N, Raynaud P. et al RCL2, a New Fixative, Preserves Morphology and Nucleic Acid Integrity in Paraffin-Embedded Breast Carcinoma and Microdissected Breast Tumor Cells. J Mol Diagn 2006; 8: 157-169
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Preusser M, Plumer S, Dirnberger E, Hainfellner JA, Mannhalter C. Fixation of brain tumor biopsy specimens with RCL2 results in well-preserved histomorphology, immunohistochemistry and nucleic acids. Brain Pathol 2010; 20: 1010-1020
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Bussolati G, Chiusa L, Cimino A, D’Armento G. Tissue transfer to pathology labs: Under vacuum is the safe alternative to formalin. Virchows Arch 2008; 452: 229-231
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Kim M, Soontornniyomkij V, Ji B, Zhou X. System-Wide Immunohistochemical Analysis of Protein Co-Localization. PLoS One 2012; 7: 1-9
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Pirici D, Mogoanta L, Kumar-Singh S, Pirici I, Margaritescu C, Simionescu C. et al Antibody elution method for multiple immunohistochemistry on primary antibodies raised in the same species and of the same subtype. J Histochem Cytochem 2009; 57: 567-575
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Nirmalan NJ, Harnden P, Selby PJ, Banks RE. Development and validation of a novel protein extraction methodology for quantitation of protein expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues using western blotting. J Pathol 2009; 217: 497-506
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar