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Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2013; 26(06): 453-460
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-13-01-0008
Original Research
Schattauer GmbH

Inflammatory effects of autologous, genetically modified autologous, allogeneic, and xenogeneic mesenchymal stem cells after intra-articular injection in horses

J. H. Pig
1   Comparative Orthopedics Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
,
A. Ishihara
1   Comparative Orthopedics Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
,
M. L. Wellman
2   Comparative Orthopedics Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
,
D. S. Russell
2   Comparative Orthopedics Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
,
A. L. Bertone
1   Comparative Orthopedics Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
› Author AffiliationsFunded by the Trueman Endowment and Development Funds with no conflicts of interest to report for the study.
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 12 January 2013

Accepted: 05 July 2013

Publication Date:
04 January 2018 (online)

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Summary

Objectives: To compare the clinical and inflammatory joint responses to intra-articular injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) including autologous, genetically modified autologous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic cells in horses.

Methods: Six five-year-old Thoroughbred mares had one fetlock joint injected with Gey's balanced salt solution as the vehicle control. Each fetlock joint of each horse was subsequently injected with 15 million MSC from the described MSC groups, and were assessed for 28 days for clinical and inflammatory parameters representing synovitis, joint swelling, and pain.

Results: There were not any significant differences between autologous and genetically modified autologous MSC for synovial fluid total nucleated cell count, total protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, fetlock circumference, oedema score, pain-free range-of-motion, and soluble gene products that were detected for at least two days. Allogeneic and xenogeneic MSC produced a greater increase in peak of inflammation at 24 hours than either autologous MSC group.

Clinical significance: Genetically engineered MSC can act as vehicles to deliver gene products to the joint; further investigation into the therapeutic potential of this cell therapy is warranted. Intra-articular MSC injection resulted in a moderate acute inflammatory joint response that was greater for allogeneic and xenogeneic MSC than autologous MSC. Clinical management of this response may minimize this effect.

Keywords

Mesenchymal stem cell - bone marrow - horse - inflammation
 

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