Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2019; 77(03): 179-183
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X20190017
Article

The prevalence of bruxism and related factors in patients with multiple sclerosis: a comparative study

A prevalência do bruxismo e fatores relacionados em pacientes com esclerose múltipla: um estudo comparativo
Faruk Ömer Odabas 
1   University of Health Sciences, Konya Health Application and Research Center, Department of Neurology, Konya, Turkey
,
Ali Ulvi Uca
2   Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Konya, Turkey
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the prevalence of bruxism and related factors in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS under the 2010-revised McDonald diagnostic criteria, 182 patients without MS exacerbations during the previous three months were included in the patient group, and 145 healthy individuals made up the control group in the study. Demographic data of the participants in both groups were determined. In the patient and control groups, the diagnosis of definite bruxism was made using the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (Diagnosis and Coding Manual, Second Edition).

Results: Bruxism was found in 29.7% (n = 54) of the patients and in 12.4% (n = 18) of the controls, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Of all patients, the onset of bruxism was found in 70.4% (n = 38) after the diagnosis and in 29.6% (n = 169) prior to the diagnosis of MS. Compared with those without bruxism, the mean age (p = 0.031) and the score of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (p = 0.001) were also significantly higher among MS patients with bruxism. Between MS patients with and without bruxism, no significant differences were found in terms of sex, marital status, educational status, employment, cigarette smoking, total number of exacerbations, number of exacerbations within the previous year, and drugs used.

Conclusions: The frequency of bruxism was found to be higher in the patients with MS than in the controls. Bruxism is associated with age and the Expanded Disability Status Scale score in MS patients.

RESUMO

Objetivo: Neste estudo, pretendeu-se determinar a prevalência de bruxismo e fatores relacionados em pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM).

Métodos: Diagnosticados com EM remitente recidivante sob os critérios de McDonald Diagnostic revisados em 2010, 182 pacientes sem ataques de EM durante os últimos três meses foram incluídos no grupo de pacientes, e 145 indivíduos saudáveis constituíram o grupo de controle no estudo. Os dados demográficos dos participantes dos dois grupos foram determinados. Nos grupos de pacientes e controle, o diagnóstico de bruxismo definitivo foi feito usando a Classificação Internacional de Distúrbios do Sono (1) (Manual de Diagnóstico e Codificação Segunda Edição).

Resultados: O bruxismo foi detectado em 29,7% (n = 54) dos pacientes e observado dentro de 12,4% (n = 18) dos controles, e a diferença foi estatisticamente significante (p <0,001). De todos os pacientes, o tempo inicial de bruxismo foi encontrado em 70,4% (n = 38) após o diagnóstico e em 29,6% (n = 169) antes do diagnóstico. Em comparação com aqueles sem bruxismo, os níveis de idade média (p = 0,031) e o escore da Escala de Status de Incapacidade Expandida (p = 0,001) também foram significativamente maiores entre os pacientes com esclerose múltipla com bruxismo. Entre os pacientes com esclerose múltipla com e sem bruxismo, não foi encontrada diferença significativa em termos de sexo, estado civil, status educacional, emprego, tabagismo, número total de ataques, número de ataques no último ano e medicamentos utilizados.

Conclusões: A freqüência de bruxismo foi maior em pacientes com esclerose múltipla do que nos controles. O bruxismo está associado à idade e ao escore da Escala de Status de Incapacidade Expandida (EDSS) em pacientes com EM.

Keywords:

Bruxism - multiple sclerosis

Palavras-chave:

Bruxismo - Esclerose múltipla

Ethics Committee Approval: Ethics

The work described in this article has been carried out in accordance with the Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) for experiments involving humans; Uniform Requirements for manuscripts submitted to Biomedical journals. Ethics committee approval was received for this study from the ethics committee of University of Selçuk.




Publication History

Received: 25 July 2018

Accepted: 14 December 2018

Article published online:
21 August 2023

© 2023. Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda.
Rua do Matoso 170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20270-135, Brazil

 

  • References

  • 1 Thorpy MJ. Classification of sleep disorders. Neurotherapeutics. 2012 Oct;9(4):687-701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-012-0145-6
  • 2 Lavigne GJ, Khoury S, Abe S, Yamaguchi T, Raphael K. Bruxism physiology and pathology: an overview for clinicians. J Oral Rehabil. 2008 Jul;35(7):476-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2008.01881.x
  • 3 Uca AU, Uğuz F, Kozak HH, Gümüş H, Aksoy F, Seyithanoğlu A, et al. Antidepressant-Induced Sleep Bruxism: Prevalence, Incidence, and Related Factors. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2015 Nov-Dec;38(6):227-30. https://doi.org/10.1097/WNF.20190017201900170108
  • 4 Winocur E, Gavish A, Voikovitch M, Emodi-Perlman A, Eli I. Drugs and bruxism: a critical review. J Orofac Pain. 2003;17(2):99-111.
  • 5 Glaros AG. Incidence of diurnal and nocturnal bruxism. J Prosthet Dent. 1981 May;45(5):545-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(81)90044-5
  • 6 Serra-Negra JM, Scarpelli AC, Tirsa-Costa D, Guimarães FH, Pordeus IA, Paiva SM. Sleep bruxism, awake bruxism and sleep quality among Brazilian dental students: a cross-sectional study. Braz Dent J. 2014;25(3):241-7. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302429P
  • 7 Hoz-Aizpurua JL, Díaz-Alonso E, LaTouche-Arbizu R, Mesa-Jiménez J. Sleep bruxism. Conceptual review and update. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2011 Mar;16(2):e231-8. https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.16.e231
  • 8 Şener S, Karabekiroğlu S, Ünlü N. Assessment of bruxism awareness and related various factors in young adults. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal. 2014;17(4):361-71.
  • 9 Okeson JP. Management of temporomandibular disorders and occlusion. 5th ed. USA: Mosby; 2006.
  • 10 Bulut AC, Atsü S. Bruksizm Tanı ve Tedavisinde Güncel Yaklaşımlar. KÜ Tıp Fak Derg. 2012;14(1):20-5.
  • 11 Lobbezoo F, Naeije M. Bruxism is mainly regulated centrally, not peripherally. J Oral Rehabil. 2001 Dec;28(12):1085-91. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2001.00839.x
  • 12 Shetty S, Pitti V, Satish Babu CL, Surendra Kumar GP, Deepthi BC. Bruxism: a literature review. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2010 Sep;10(3):141-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13191-011-0041-5
  • 13 Kryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC. Principles and practices of sleep medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000.
  • 14 Trindade MO, Rodriguez AG. Polysomnographic analysis of bruxism. Gen Dent. 2014 Jan-Feb;62(1):56-60.
  • 15 Ferini-Strambi L, Pozzi P, Manconi M, Zucconi M, Oldani A. Bruxism and nocturnal groaning. Arch Ital Biol. 2011 Dec;149(4):467-77.
  • 16 Kato T, Thie NM, Montplaisir JY, Lavigne GJ. Bruxism and orofacial movements during sleep. Dent Clin North Am. 2001 Oct;45(4):657-84.
  • 17 Williams DE, Lynch JE, Doshi V, Singh GD, Hargens AR. Bruxism and temporal bone hypermobility in patients with multiple sclerosis. Cranio. 2011 Jul;29(3):178-86. https://doi.org/10.1179/crn.2011.026
  • 18 Sevim S, Kaleağası H, Fidancı H. Sleep bruxism possibly triggered by multiple sclerosis attacks and treated successfully with botulinum toxin: report of three cases. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2015 Sep;4(5):403-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2015.06.006