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Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2016; 44(06): 438-449
DOI: 10.15654/TPK-160889
Für Studium und Praxis
Schattauer GmbH

Notfalltherapie bei Vergiftungen von Hund und Katze

Emergency management of intoxications in the dog and cat
Esther Hassdenteufel
1   Klinik für Kleintiere, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
,
Hendrik Lehmann
1   Klinik für Kleintiere, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
,
Matthias Schneider
1   Klinik für Kleintiere, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
,
Andreas Moritz
1   Klinik für Kleintiere, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 27 September 2016

Accepted after major revision: 07 November 2016

Publication Date:
20 December 2017 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Vergiftungen können zu lebensbedrohlichen Notfällen führen. Neben der allgemeinen Stabilisation des Patienten sollte eine Therapie eine schnellstmögliche Toxinelimination bewirken. Zunächst wird versucht, durch allgemeine Dekontaminationsmaßnahmen (gastrointestinal, dermal, okulär) die Giftaufnahme so gering wie möglich zu halten. Eine genauere Eingrenzung des Toxins bzw. seiner Eigenschaften kann bei der Auswahl spezifischerer Behandlungsansätze, wie beispielsweise Dialyse oder Gabe eines Antidots, Hilfestellung leisten. Die Therapie mit Lipidemulsionen zur raschen Elimination lipophiler Substanzen aus dem Körper hat in den letzten Jahren zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. Sie kann das Allgemeinbefinden des Patienten schnell verbessern und ist mit wenig Nebenwirkungen verbunden.

Summary

Intoxications may lead to life-threatening emergencies. While stabilising the patient, therapy should focus on a rapid and effective elimination of the toxin. General measures for decontamination (gastrointestinal, dermal, ocular) aim to effectively decrease the absorption of the poisonous substance. Further classification of the substance and its properties can assist with the choice of specific treatment options, including dialysis and specific antidotal therapy. In recent years, treatment with lipid emulsions for enhanced elimination of lipophilic substances has become an important therapeutic option. In affected patients, it can rapidly improve clinical signs while side effects and complications are rarely encountered with this form of therapy.

Schlüsselwörter

Stabilisation - Anfälle - Dekontamination - Lipidemulsion - Antidottherapie

Keywords

Stabilisation - seizures - decontamination - lipid emulsion - antidotal therapy
 

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