Perioperative Schmerztherapie bei Hund und Katze – eine Übersicht

Zusammenfassung

Unzureichend behandelte Schmerzen führen zu negativen systemischen Effekten und unter Umständen zu einer massiven Störung des Allgemeinbefindens unserer Patienten. Aus diesem Grund sollte ein Schmerzbeurteilungsplan standardmäßig in die klinischen Abläufe eingebunden sein. Für Hund und Katze stehen validierte Schmerz - beurteilungspläne zur Verfügung. Im Rahmen einer fortschrittlichen Schmerztherapie ist das Prinzip der multimodalen Analgesie zu beachten. Dies bedeutet, dass verschiedene analgetische Wirkstoffgruppen miteinander kombiniert werden, die ihre Wirkung an unterschiedlichen Stellen des Schmerzentstehungs- und Schmerzleitungssystems entfalten. Neben Opioiden, nichtsteroidalen Antiphlogistika und Lo - kalanästhetika finden unter anderem α₂-Rezeptor-Agonisten, Ketamin und Gabapentin Anwendung. Hinzu kommen diverse nichtpharmakologische Therapieformen.

Summary

Undermanaged pain leads to negative systemic effects that may greatly disturb our patients’ welfare. Therefore, a pain assessment tool should be routinely implemented into clinical practice. Validated pain assessment tools are available for dogs and cats. Advanced analgesic therapy follows the principle of a multimodal approach. This means that different analgesic drugs, which act on different targets within the nociceptive pathway, are combined to achieve the desired analgesic effects. In addition to opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and local anaesthetics, α₂-receptor-agonists, ketamine and gabapentin as well as different nonpharmacologic analgesic techniques are used within the framework of a multimodal analgesic plan.

Schlüsselwörter

Analgesie - Kleintier - Schmerzbeurteilung - Schmerzweiterleitung

Keywords

Analgesia - small animals - pain assessment - nociceptive pathways

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