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Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2017; 45(02): 121-128
DOI: 10.15653/TPG-160754
Für Studium und Praxis
Schattauer GmbH

Labmagengeschwüre beim Rind

Abomasal ulcers in cattle
A. Hund
1   Department für Nutztiere und öffentliches Gesundheitswesen in der Veterinärmedizin, Universitätsklinik für Wiederkäuer, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien
,
T. Wittek
1   Department für Nutztiere und öffentliches Gesundheitswesen in der Veterinärmedizin, Universitätsklinik für Wiederkäuer, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien
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Further Information

Publication History

Eingegangen: 02 August 2016

Akzeptiert nach Revision: 23 January 2017

Publication Date:
09 January 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Labmagengeschwüre beim Rind sind in mehrerlei Hinsicht problematisch. Sie verursachen durch Schmerzen Leistungseinbußen und können gravierende Folgen bis hin zum Tod des Tieres haben. Meist lassen sie sich nur schwer diagnostizieren, weshalb die Angaben zur Prävalenz stark schwanken. Zudem gibt es nur limitierte Behandlungsmöglichkeiten. Die Ulzera werden in vier Typen eingeteilt: Labmagengeschwüre von Typ 1 sind oberflächliche, nicht perforierende Läsionen, bei Typ-2-Läsionen kommt es durch die Arrosion eines größeren Blutgefäßes in der Labmagenwand zu starkem Blutverlust und bei Typ 3 sowie 4 handelt es sich um perforierende Ulzera mit lokaler bzw. diffuser Peritonitis. Labmagengeschwüre haben eine multifaktorielle Genese. Sie entstehen unter anderem durch falsche Fütterung und damit einhergehende Verdauungsstörungen, als Nebenwirkung von Medikamenten wie nichtsteroidale Antiphlogistika und als Folge anderer Erkrankungen. Prinzipiell liegt pathophysiologisch eine stressbedingte Störung der protektiven Mechanismen im Labmagen vor. Die klinischen Symptome sind mannigfaltig und meist unspezifisch. Die Untersuchung auf okkultes Blut im Kot, Blutbild und blutchemische Para meter, eine Ultraschalluntersuchung oder Abdominozentese können Hinweise auf die Diagnose liefern. Die therapeutischen Optionen umfassen eine symptomatische, chirurgische und medikamentöse Behandlung. Zu den Präventionsmaßnahmen gehören eine adäquate Fütterung und Haltung der Tiere sowie die möglichst frühzeitige Diagnose und Behandlung von Erkrankungen, die die Bildung von Labmagengeschwüren zur Folge haben könnten. Belastungssituationen wie Transport und Gruppenwechsel sollten vermieden werden.

Summary

Abomasal ulcers lead to several problems. They cause pain resulting in a decrease in productivity and even the possible loss of the animal. Because they are frequently difficult to diagnose, information on their prevalence is variable. Additionally, therapeutic options are limited. Abomasal ulcers are graded as type 1 through 4, type 1 being a superficial defect and type 2 an ulcer where a large blood vessel has been eroded, leading to substantial blood loss. Types 3 and 4 are perforated abomasal ulcers leading to local and diffuse peritonitis, respectively. Causes of abomasal ulcers are multifactorial, for example, mistakes in feeding that lead to gastrointestinal disturbances or other diseases that induce stress. Ulcers can also result from side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In principal, the pathophysiological cause is the disturbance of the balance between protective and aggressive mechanisms at the abomasal mucosa due to stress. Clinical symptoms vary and are mostly non-specific. Fecal occult blood tests, hematology and blood chemistry as well as ultrasonographic examination and abdo minocentesis can help to establish the diagnosis. Ulcers can be treated symptomatically, surgically and medically. To prevent ab omasal ulcers, animals should be kept healthy by providing adequate nutrition and housing as well as early and effective medical care. Stressful management practices, including transport and commingling, should be avoided.

Schlüsselwörter

Ulzera - Meläna - Peritonitis - Omeprazol

Keywords

Ulcers - melena - peritonitis - omeprazole
 

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