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Thromb Haemost 2013; 110(04): 651-660
DOI: 10.1160/TH13-04-0285
Theme Issue Article
Schattauer GmbH

Ectopic fat: the true culprit linking obesity and cardiovascular disease?

Mariangela Morelli
1   Institute of Clinical Physiology - CNR, Pisa, Italy
2   University of Milano, Milan, Italy
,
Melania Gaggini
1   Institute of Clinical Physiology - CNR, Pisa, Italy
3   Department of Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
,
Giuseppe Daniele
4   Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa, Italy
5   Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas, USA
,
Paolo Marraccini
1   Institute of Clinical Physiology - CNR, Pisa, Italy
,
Rosa Sicari
1   Institute of Clinical Physiology - CNR, Pisa, Italy
,
Amalia Gastaldelli
1   Institute of Clinical Physiology - CNR, Pisa, Italy
5   Division of Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas, USA
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 05 April 2013

Accepted after minor revision: 22 June 2013

Publication Date:
01 December 2017 (online)

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Summary

Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and its complications. However, not all fat depots share the same characteristics. Recent studies have found that ectopic rather than subcutaneous fat accumulation is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. However, ectopic fat accumulation can be seen initially as a protective mechanism against lipotoxicity. Subsequently the adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional, thus inducing systemic metabolic alterations (through release of cytokines) or specific organ dysfunctions. The purpose of this review is to summarise the current available data on the impact of excess adiposity vs ectopic fat in the development of cardiometabolic diseases.

 

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