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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1038130
Arbeitsgedächtnis und Psychopathologie schizophrener Störungen
Working Memory and the Psychopathology of SchizophreniaPublication History
Publication Date:
07 May 2008 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/fdn/2008S1/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-2008-1038130-1.jpg)
Zusammenfassung
Das Arbeitsgedächtnis (AG) gilt als eines der zentralen Modelle zur Erklärung von Kognitionsdefiziten und der Psychopathologie schizophrener Störungen. Verhaltensdaten und funktionell bildgebende Studien sprechen derzeit für eine multimodale AG-Dysfunktion, die eng an die funktionale Integrität des präfrontalen Kortex (PFC) geknüpft ist. In dieser Übersicht sollen zum einen das Spektrum von AG-Defiziten in der Schizophrenie sowie das Verhältnis von AG und Psychopathologie schizophrener Störungen dargestellt werden. Zum anderen werden bisherige Erkenntnisse zur AG-assoziierten zerebralen Aktivierung in der fMRT und zu psychopathologischen Symptomen diskutiert. Vor dem Hintergrund insgesamt heterogener funktionell bildgebender Befunde besteht hierbei möglicherweise ein Zusammenhang zwischen präfrontalen Arealen und Desorganisations- und Negativsymptomen. Eine Untersuchung der AG-Funktion schizophrener Subsyndrome mittels funktionell bildgebender Verfahren bleibt indessen ein klinisches und wissenschaftliches Desiderat.
Abstract
Working memory (WM) deficits are core symptoms of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. WM-models serve as theoretical and empirical framework for the investigation of cognitive dysfunction as well as of schizophrenic phenomenology. Behavioral and functional neuroimaging data support the concept of a supramodal WM-deficit in schizophrenia, associated with the functional integrity of prefrontal regions. This review provides a short overview of WM-dysfunction in schizophrenia as well as its impact on psychopathology. Furthermore, the relationship of WM-associated cerebral activation and psychopathological symptoms is illustrated. Currently available studies on WM-function and psychopathology in schizophrenia obtained rather heterogeneous results, although disorganisation and negative symptoms may be closely linked to prefrontal regions. The investigation of WM-function in schizophrenic subsyndromes with functional neuroimaging techniques still remains a clinical and scientific desideratum.
Schlüsselwörter
Arbeitsgedächtnis - Schizophrenie - Psychopathologie - präfrontaler Kortex - fMRT - Negativsymptome
Key words
working memory - schizophrenia - psychopathology - prefrontal cortex - fmri - negative symptoms
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Prof. Dr. med. Dr. phil. Henrik Walter
Abteilung für Medizinische Psychologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Friedrich Wilhelms Universität Bonn
Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25
53105 Bonn
Email: henrik.walter@ukb.uni-bonn.de