Zusammenfassung
Studienhintergrund: Eine Magenausgangsstenose kann als Spätkomplikation verschiedener Karzinome beobachtet werden. Bei diesen Patienten ist die Palliation der Obstruktionssymptome das primäre Behandlungsziel. Selbstexpanierende Metallstens haben sich als eine viel versprechende Behandlungsoption erwiesen. Studienziel war die Darstellung des klinischen Kurzzeiterfolgs (30 Tage) und der Komplikationsrate eines neuen enteralen Nitinol-Stents (Boston-Scientific Wall-Flex-Stent). Patienten und Methode: Zwischen Dezember 2004 und 1. Mai 2005 erhielten 62 Patienten (35 Männer, 27 Frauen mittleres Alter 69,9 Jahre) mit gesichertem Malignom und Symptomen einer Magenausgangsstenose in einem von 15 europäischen Zentren, die als erste Zugang zum neuen Wall-Flex-Stent hatten, diesen Stent. Die gesammelten Daten stammen aus Patientenunterlagen, Endoskopie-Befunden und klinischen Follow-up-Visiten. Die Fähigkeit zu essen, wurde mit dem Scoring-System für Magenausgangsobstruktionen (gastric outlet obstruction scoring system GOOSS) bewertet. Ergebnisse: Alle 62 Patienten litten primär an Übelkeit, Erbrechen oder der Unfähigkeit, zu essen. Insgesamt wurden 66 enterale Stents platziert. Die mittlere Stenosenlänge betrug 4 cm. Auf der Basis einer „Intention-to-treat”-Analyse betrug die klinische Erfolgsrate 85 %. Die Verbesserung des Magenausgangsobstruktionsscores (GOOSS-Scores) um 1 Punkt war signifikant (p < 0,001). 1 Tag nach der Stentimplantation war in der Regel eine Flüssigkeits- oder Nahrungsaufnahme möglich. Die mittlere Aufenthaltsdauer im Krankenhaus betrug 6 Tage. 30 Tage - Follow-up-Daten - liegen von 60 Patienten vor. 10 (17 %) entwickelten in diesem Zeitraum Komplikationen. Schussfolgerungen: In dieser ersten europäischen Studie zur Anwendung des enteralen Wall-Flex-Stents für die duodenale Stent-Applikation erwies sich der neue Stent als effektiv und relativ komplikationsarm bei der palliativen Behandlung von Patienten mit maligner Magenausgangsstenose.
Abstract
Background and study aims: Gastric outlet obstruction can occur as a late complication of a variety of cancers. Palliation of the obstructive symptoms is the primary aim of treatment in these patients. Self-expandable metal stents have emerged as a promising treatment option. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term (30-day) clinical success and complication rates of a new enteral stent made of nitinol (Boston Scientific WallFlex stent). Patients and methods: Between December 2004 and 1 May 2005, 62 patients (35 men, 27 women; mean age 69.9 years) presenting with documented malignancy and symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction underwent endoscopic stenting with the new WallFlex enteral stent at one of the 15 European centers who were the first to have access to this new stent. Data were collected from charts, endoscopy procedure reports, and follow-up clinical visits. The gastric outlet obstruction scoring system (GOOSS) was used to grade the patients' ability to eat. Results: All 62 patients suffered from nausea, vomiting, or inability to eat. A total of 66 enteral stents were placed. The median length of the stenosis was 4 cm. The clinical success rate was 85 percnt; on an intention-to-treat basis. An improvement in the GOOSS score of 1 point was considered to be significant (P < 0.001). Oral intake was possible, on average, 1 day after stent placement. The median hospital stay was 6 days. Thirty days' follow-up data were available for 60 patients, 10 of whom developed complications during this period (17 %). Conclusions: In this first European series in which duodenal stenting was performed with the WallFlex enteral stent, the new stent appears to be effective and relatively safe for the palliative treatment of patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction.
Schlüsselwörter
Magenausgangsstenose - palliative Behandlung - enteral Wall-Flex-Stent
Key words
gastric outlet obstruction - palliative treatment - WallFlex Enteral Stent
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Prof. Dr. med. H.-J. Schulz
Sana Klinikum Lichtenberg · Oskar-Ziethen-Krankenhaus · Klinik für Innere Medizin I
Fanningerstraße 32
10365 Berlin
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