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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-987326
Cytotoxic compounds from Iris tectorum
Extracts of several Chinese plant species used traditionally to treat cancer were tested for cytotoxicity using the SRB assay [1] with three cancer cell lines (COR-L23, C32 and MCF-7) and a mammalian non-cancer cell line Hep G2. A chloroform extract of the rhizomes of Iris tectorum Maxim. gave the greatest cytotoxicity with 100µg/ml giving less than 15% survival with all three cancer cell lines. The SRB assay was used for bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract and yielded two novel iridogermanal triterpenes IT4C and IT4D, two known iridogermanal triterpenes iridobelamal 1 and isoiridogermanal and two flavonoids, 7-OMe-aromadendrin and tectorigenin, whose structures were determined by advanced MS and NMR spectroscopy. The compounds were tested for cytotoxicity using the SRB assay against the four cell lines with iridobelamal 1 having the greatest activity (Table).
Table: Cytotoxicity (IC50 µM±SEM) of isolated compounds n=3
Compound |
Cell line |
||||
COR-L23 |
MCF-7 |
C32 |
HepG2 |
||
IT4C |
35±1 |
18±1 |
40±2 |
29±2 |
|
IT4D |
19±1 |
11±1 |
25±2 |
20±1 |
|
Iridobelamal 1 |
14±0 |
11±1 |
23±1 |
18±0 |
|
Isoiridogermanal |
16±2 |
11±2 |
24±1 |
22±2 |
|
7-OMe-Aromadendrin |
33±1 |
21±1 |
33±3 |
25±2 |
|
Tectorigenin |
189±6 |
105±2 |
207±14 |
149±2 |
References: [1] Itharat, I. et al. (2004) J. Ethnopharmacology 90: 33–38.