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Horm Metab Res 2007; 39(2): 106-109
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-961809
Review

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone and its Function in the Skin

C. G. Ziegler 1 , A. W. Krug 1 , C. C. Zouboulis 2 , 3 , S. R. Bornstein 1
  • 1Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Department of Medicine III, 01307 Dresden, Germany
  • 2Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Dessau, Germany
  • 3Laboratory for Biogerontology, Dermato-Pharmacology, and Dermato-Endocrinology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
Weitere Informationen

Publikationsverlauf

received 20. 3. 2006

accepted 24. 4. 2006

Publikationsdatum:
27. Februar 2007 (online)

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Abstract

The skin, as the largest organ of the body, is strategically located as a barrier between the external and internal environments, being permanently exposed to noxious stressors such as bursts of radiation (solar, thermal), mechanical energy, or chemical and biological insults. Because of its functional domains and structural diversity, the skin must have a constitutive mechanism for dealing with the stressors. Activities of the skin are mostly regulated by local cutaneous factors and stressed skin can generate signals to produce rapid (neural) or slow (humoral) responses to local or systemic levels. Thus, the skin neuroendocrine system is comprised of locally produced neuroendocrine mediators that interact with corresponding specific receptors through para- or autocrine mechanisms. Furthermore, it is known for several years that the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)/ pro-opiomelanocorticotropin (POMC) skin system fulfils analogous functions to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) stress axis. Additionally, skin cells produce hormones, neurotansmitters and neuropeptides, having the corresponding receptors and the skin itself is able to fulfill a multidirectional communication between endocrine, immune and central nervous systems as well as other internal organs. In summary, the skin expresses an equivalent of the prominent hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis that may act as a cutaneous defense system, operating as a coordinator and executor of local responses to stress, in addition to its normal function: the preservation of body homeostasis.

Keywords

cutaneous HPA axis - CRH - skin

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Correspondence

S. R. Bornstein

Medical Clinic III, Technical University of Dresden, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism

Fetscherstrasse 74

01307 Dresden

Germany

Telefon: +49/351/458 59 55

Fax: +49/351/458 63 98

eMail: Stefan.Bornstein@uniklinikum-dresden.de