The Immunology and Prevention of Isocyanate Asthma: A Model for Low Molecular Weight Asthma

Abstract

Isocyanate asthma, the most common identified cause of occupational asthma in industrialized countries, is an immunologic lung disorder involving in part non-IgE-mediated pathways. Recognition and diagnosis can be difficult, and isocyanate asthma often persists, even after removal from exposure. The pathogenesis of isocyanate asthma remains poorly defined, in part because of the marked biological reactivity of isocyanates and uncertainty regarding the biologically relevant antigens. Growing evidence supports an important role for T lymphocytes and airway inflammation in mediating isocyanate sensitization and asthma. A better understanding of the immunologic mechanisms involved in isocyanate sensitization and asthma should lead to improved diagnostic and preventive strategies.

Key Words:

Isocyanate asthma - occupational asthma - isocyanates