RSS-Feed abonnieren
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-947292
Extended-Donor Criteria Liver Allografts
Publikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
19. Juli 2006 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/sld/200603/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-2006-947292-1.jpg)
ABSTRACT
Extended-donor criteria liver allografts do not meet traditional criteria for transplantation. Although these organs offer immediate expansion of the donor pool, transplantation of extended-donor criteria liver allografts increases potential short- and long-term risk to the recipient. This risk may manifest as impaired allograft function or donor-transmitted disease. Guidelines defining this category of donor, level of acceptable risk, principles of consent, and post-transplantation surveillance have not been defined. This article reviews the utilization, ethical considerations, and outcomes of extended-donor criteria liver allografts.
KEYWORDS
Liver transplantation - extended-donor criteria
REFERENCES
-
1 UNOS .United Network for Organ Sharing .Available at: http://www.UNOS.org Accessed March 1, 2006
- 2 New York State Department of Health . Workgroup on expanded criteria organs for liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2005; 11 1184-1192
- 3 Ploeg R J, D'Alessandro A M, Hoffmann R M et al.. Impact of donor factors and preservation on function and survival after liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1993; 25 3031-3033
- 4 Gruenberger T, Steininger R, Sautner T, Mittlbock M, Muhlbacher F. Influence of donor criteria on postoperative graft function after orthotopic liver transplantation. Transpl Int. 1994; 7(suppl 1) S672-S674
- 5 Alexander J W, Zola J C. Expanding the donor pool: use of marginal donors for solid organ transplantation. Clin Transplant. 1996; 10 1-19
- 6 Mor E, Klintmalm G B, Gonwa T A et al.. The use of marginal donors for liver transplantation. Transplantation. 1992; 53 383-386
- 7 Melendez H V, Heaton N D. Understanding “marginal” liver grafts. Transplantation. 1999; 68 469-471
- 8 Mirza D. Policies in Europe on “marginal quality” donor livers. Lancet. 1994; 344 1480-1483
- 9 Scotte M, Dousset B, Calmus Y et al.. The influence of cold ischemia time on biliary complications following liver transplantation. J Hepatol. 1994; 21 340-346
- 10 Figueras J, Busquets J, Grande L et al.. The deleterious effect of donor high plasma sodium and extended preservation in liver transplantation: a multivariate analysis. Transplantation. 1996; 61 410-413
- 11 Busuttil R W, Goss J. Split liver transplantation. Ann Surg. 1999; 229 313-321
- 12 Busuttil R W, Tanaka J. The utility of marginal donors in liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2003; 9 651-663
- 13 Feng S, Buell J F, Cherikh W S et al.. Organ donors with positive viral serology or malignancy: risk of disease transmission by transplantation. Transplantation. 2002; 74 1657-1663
- 14 Buell J F, Gross T, Alloway R R, Trofe J, Woodle E S. Central nervous system tumors in donors: misdiagnosis carries a high morbidity and mortality. Transplant Proc. 2005; 37 583-584
- 15 Angelis M, Cooper J T, Freeman R B. Impact of donor infections on outcomes of orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2003; 9 451-462
- 16 Hisatake G M, Chen T W, Renz J F et al.. Acquired hemophilia A after liver transplantation: a case report. Liver Transpl. 2003; 9 523-526
- 17 Brown Jr R S, Russo M W, Lai M et al.. A survey of liver transplantation from living adult donors in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348 818-825
- 18 Trotter J F, Wachs M, Everson G T, Kam I. Adult-to-adult transplantation of the right hepatic lobe from a living donor. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346 1074-1082
- 19 Renz J F, Roberts J P. Long-term complications of living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2000; 6(suppl 2) S73-S76
- 20 Renz J F, Kin C, Kinkhabwala M et al.. Utilization of extended donor criteria liver allografts maximizes donor use and patient access to liver transplantation. Ann Surg. 2005; 242 556-565
-
21 Renz J.
Outcomes of living donor liver transplantation . In: Busuttil RW Transplantation of the Liver. Philadelphia; Elsevier 2005: 713-724 - 22 Wiesner R, Edwards E, Freeman R et al.. Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and allocation of donor livers. Gastroenterology. 2003; 124 91-96
- 23 Hertl M, Malago M, Rogiers X, Burdelski M, Broelsch C E. Surgical approaches for expanded organ usage in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1997; 29 3683-3686
- 24 Lopez-Navidad A, Caballero F. Extended criteria for organ acceptance: strategies for achieving organ safety and increasing organ pool. Clin Transplant. 2003; 17 308-324
- 25 Tisone G, Manzia T M, Zazza S et al.. Marginal donors in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2004; 36 525-526
- 26 Rocha M B, Boin I F, Escanhoela C A, Leonardi L S. Can the use of marginal liver donors change recipient survival rate?. Transplant Proc. 2004; 36 914-915
- 27 Montalti R, Nardo B, Bertelli R et al.. Donor pool expansion in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2004; 36 520-522
- 28 Cameron A, Busuttil R W. AASLD/ILTS transplant course: is there an extended donor suitable for everyone?. Liver Transpl. 2005; 11(suppl 2) S2-S5
- 29 Gruttadauria S, Cintorino D, Mandala L et al.. Acceptance of marginal liver donors increases the volume of liver transplant: early results of a single-center experience. Transplant Proc. 2005; 37 2567-2568
- 30 Briceno J, Lopez-Cillero P, Rufian S et al.. Impact of marginal quality donors on the outcome of liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1997; 29 477-480
- 31 Detre K M, Lombardero M, Belle S et al.. Influence of donor age on graft survival after liver transplantation: United Network for Organ Sharing registry. Liver Transpl Surg. 1995; 1 311-319
- 32 Strasberg S M, Howard T K, Molmenti E P, Hertl M. Selecting the donor liver: risk factor for poor function after orthotopic liver transplantation. Hepatology. 1994; 20 829-838
- 33 Feng S, Si M, Taranto S E et al.. Characteristics associated with liver graft failure: the concept of a donor risk index. Am J Transplant. 2006; 6 783-790
- 34 Busquets J, Xiol X, Figueras J et al.. The impact of donor age on liver transplantation: influence of donor age on early liver function and on subsequent patient and graft survival. Transplantation. 2001; 71 1765-1771
- 35 Alexander J W, Vaughn W K. The use of “marginal” donors for organ transplantation: the influence of donor age on outcome. Transplantation. 1991; 51 135-141
- 36 Adam R, Astarcioglu I, Azoulay D et al.. Liver transplantation from elderly donors. Transplant Proc. 1993; 25 1556-1557
- 37 De Carlis L, Colella G, Sansalone C V et al.. Marginal donors in liver transplantation: the role of donor age. Transplant Proc. 1999; 31 397-400
- 38 Marino I R, Doyle H R, Aldrighetti L et al.. Effect of donor age and sex on the outcome of liver transplantation. Hepatology. 1995; 22 1754-1762
- 39 Totsuka E, Fung U, Hakamada K et al.. Analysis of clinical variables of donors and recipients with respect to short-term graft outcome in human liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2004; 36 2215-2218
- 40 Todo S, Demetris A J, Makowka L et al.. Primary nonfunction of hepatic allografts with preexisting fatty infiltration. Transplantation. 1989; 47 903-905
- 41 Adam R, Reynes M, Johann M et al.. The outcome of steatotic grafts in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1991; 23 1538-1540
- 42 Selzner M, Clavien P A. Fatty liver in liver transplantation and surgery. Semin Liver Dis. 2001; 21 105-113
- 43 Verran D, Kusyk T, Painter D et al.. Clinical experience gained from the use of 120 steatotic donor livers for orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2003; 9 500-505
- 44 Soejima Y, Shimada M, Suehiro T et al.. Use of steatotic graft in living-donor liver transplant. Transplantation. 2003; 76 344-348
- 45 Briceno J, Padillo J, Rufian S, Solorzano G, Pera C. Assignment of steatotic livers by the Mayo model for end-stage liver disease. Transpl Int. 2005; 18 577-583
- 46 Foley D P, Fernandez L A, Leverson G et al.. Donation after cardiac death: the University of Wisconsin experience with liver transplantation. Ann Surg. 2005; 242 724-731
- 47 Abt P L, Desai N M, Crawford M D et al.. Survival following liver transplantation from non-heart-beating donors. Ann Surg. 2004; 239 87-92
- 48 Tsukamoto I, Nakata R, Kojo S. Effect of ageing on rat liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1993; 30 773-778
- 49 Kimura F, Miyazaki M, Suwa T et al.. Reduction of hepatic acute phase response after partial hepatectomy in elderly patients. Res Exp Med (Berl). 1996; 196 281-290
-
50 Renz J.
The donor operation . In: Busuttil RW Transplantation of the Liver. Philadelphia; Elsevier 2005: 545-559 - 51 Wall W J, Mimeault R, Grant D R, Bloch M. The use of older donor livers for hepatic transplantation. Transplantation. 1990; 49 377-381
- 52 Alexander J W, Vaughn W K, Carey M A. The use of marginal donors for organ transplantation: the older and younger donors. Transplant Proc. 1991; 23 905-909
- 53 Washburn W K, Johnson L B, Lewis W D, Jenkins R L. Graft function and outcome of older (> or = 60 years) donor livers. Transplantation. 1996; 61 1062-1066
- 54 Grande L, Matus D, Rimola A et al.. Expanded liver donor age over 60 years for hepatic transplantation. Clin Transpl. 1998; 297-301
- 55 Oh C K, Sanfey H A, Pelletier S J et al.. Implication of advanced donor age on the outcome of liver transplantation. Clin Transpl. 2000; 14 386-390
- 56 Karatzas T, Olson L, Ciancio G et al.. Expanded liver donor age over 60 years for hepatic transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1997; 29 2830-2831
- 57 Zapletal Ch, Faust D, Wullstein C et al.. Does the liver age? Results of liver transplantation with donors above 80 years of age. Transplant Proc. 2005; 37 1182-1185
- 58 Grazi G L, Ravaioli M, Zanello M et al.. Using elderly donors in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2005; 37 2582-2583
- 59 Kim D Y, Cauduro S P, Bohorquez H E et al.. Routine use of livers from deceased donors older than 70: is it justified?. Transpl Int. 2005; 18 73-77
- 60 Borchert D H, Glanemann M, Mogl M, Langrehr J, Neuhaus P. Adult liver transplantation using liver grafts from donors over 70 years of age. Transplant Proc. 2005; 37 1186-1187
- 61 Nardo B, Masetti M, Urbani L et al.. Liver transplantation from donors aged 80 years and over: pushing the limit. Am J Transplant. 2004; 4 1139-1147
- 62 Neipp M, Bektas H, Lueck R et al.. Liver transplantation using organs from donors older than 60 years. Transpl Int. 2004; 17 416-423
- 63 Cescon M, Grazi G L, Ercolani G et al.. Long-term survival of recipients of liver grafts from donors older than 80 years: is it achievable?. Liver Transpl. 2003; 9 1174-1180
- 64 Baccarani U, Adani G L, Toniutto P et al.. Liver transplantation from old donors into HCV and non-HCV recipients. Transplant Proc. 2004; 36 527-528
- 65 Berenguer M, Prieto M, San Juan F et al.. Contribution of donor age to the recent decrease in patient survival among HCV-infected liver transplant recipients. Hepatology. 2002; 36 202-210
- 66 Condron S L, Heneghan M A, Patel K et al.. Effect of donor age on survival of liver transplantation recipients with hepatitis C infection. Transplantation. 2005; 80 145-148
- 67 Jain A, Orloff M, Abt P et al.. Transplantation of liver grafts from older donors: impact on recipients with hepatitis C virus infection. Transplant Proc. 2005; 37 3162-3164
- 68 Mutimer D J, Gunson B, Chen J et al.. Impact of donor age and year of transplantation on graft and patient survival following liver transplantation for hepatitis C virus. Transplantation. 2006; 81 7-14
- 69 Velidedeoglu E, Mange K C, Frank A et al.. Factors differentially correlated with the outcome of liver transplantation in HCV + and HCV - recipients. Transplantation. 2004; 77 1834-1842
- 70 Gonzalez F X, Rimola A, Grande L et al.. Predictive factors of early postoperative graft function in human liver transplantation. Hepatology. 1994; 20 565-573
- 71 Avolio A W, Agnes S, Magalini S C, Foco M, Castagneto M. Importance of liver blood chemistry (AST, serum sodium) in predicting liver transplant outcome. Transplant Proc. 1991; 23 2451-2452
- 72 Markmann J F, Markmann J W, Markmann D A et al.. Preoperative factors associated with outcome and their impact on resource use in 1148 consecutive liver transplants. Transplantation. 2001; 72 1113-1122
- 73 Fukumori T, Ohkohchi N, Tsukamoto S, Satomi S. Why is fatty liver unsuitable for liver transplantation? Deterioration of mitochondrial ATP synthesis and sinusoidal structure during cold preservation of a liver with steatosis. Transplant Proc. 1997; 29 412-415
- 74 Lemasters J J, Peng X X, Bachmann S et al.. Dual role of Kupffer cell activation and endothelial cell damage in reperfusion injury to livers stored for transplantation surgery. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1995; 10 S84-S87
- 75 D'Alessandro A M, Kalayoglu M, Sollinger H W et al.. The predictive value of donor liver biopsies on the development of primary nonfunction after orthotopic liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1991; 23 1536-1537
- 76 Urena M A, Ruiz-Delgado F C, Gonzalez E M et al.. Assessing risk of the use of livers with macro and microsteatosis in a liver transplant program. Transplant Proc. 1998; 30 3288-3291
- 77 Fishbein T M, Fiel M I, Emre S et al.. Use of livers with microvesicular fat safely expands the donor pool. Transplantation. 1997; 64 248-251
- 78 Urena M A, Moreno Gonzalez E, Romero C J et al.. An approach to the rational use of steatotic donor livers in liver transplantation. Hepatogastroenterology. 1999; 46 1164-1178
- 79 Garcia Urena M A, Colina Ruiz-Delgado F, Moreno Gonzalez E et al.. Hepatic steatosis in liver transplant donors: common feature of donor population?. World J Surg. 1998; 22 837-844
- 80 Ploeg R J, D'Alessandro A M, Knechtle S J et al.. Risk factor for primary dysfunction after liver transplantation: a multivariate analysis. Transplantation. 1993; 55 807-813
- 81 Canelo R, Braun F, Sattler B et al.. Is a fatty liver dangerous for transplantation?. Transplant Proc. 1999; 31 414-415
- 82 Schmidt A, Tomasdottir H, Bengtsson A. Influence of cold ischemia time on complement activation, neopterin, and cytokine release in liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2004; 36 2796-2798
- 83 Shen X D, Gao F, Ke B et al.. Inflammatory responses in a new mouse model of prolonged hepatic cold ischemia followed by arterialized orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2005; 11 1273-1281
- 84 Porte R J, Ploeg R J, Hansen B et al.. Long-term graft survival after liver transplantation in the UW era: late effects of cold ischemia and primary dysfunction. European Multicentre Study Group. Transpl Int. 1998; 11 S164-S167
- 85 Briceno J, Marchal T, Padillo J, Solorzano G, Pera C. Influence of marginal donors on liver preservation injury. Transplantation. 2002; 74 522-526
- 86 Hoofnagle J H, Lombardero M, Zetterman R K et al.. Donor age and outcome of liver transplantation. Hepatology. 1996; 24 89-96
- 87 Piratvisuth T, Tredger J M, Hayllar K A, Williams R. Contribution of true cold and rewarming ischemia times to factors determining outcome after orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver Transpl Surg. 1995; 1 296-301
- 88 Totsuka E, Fung J J, Lee M C et al.. Influence of cold ischemia time and graft transport distance on postoperative outcome in human liver transplantation. Surg Today. 2002; 32 792-799
- 89 Yersiz H, Shaked A, Olthoff K et al.. Correlation between donor age and the pattern of liver graft recovery after liver transplantation. Transplantation. 1995; 60 790-794
- 90 Totsukali E, Fung J J, Ishizawa Y et al.. Synergistic effect of cold and warm ischemia time on postoperative graft outcome in human liver transplantation. Hepatogastroenterology. 2004; 51 1413-1416
- 91 Bismuth H, Houssin D. Reduced-sized orthotopic liver graft in hepatic transplantation in children. Surgery. 1984; 95 367-370
-
92 Broelsch C E, Neuhaus P, Burdelski M.
Orthotopic transplantation of hepatic segments in infants with biliary atresia . In: Kosloski L Chirurgisches Forum '84f. Experim U Klinische Forschung Hrsg. Berlin; Heidelberg-Springer 1984 - 93 de Hemptinne B, Salizzoni M, Yandza T C et al.. Indication, technique, and results of liver graft volume reduction before orthotopic transplantation in children. Transplant Proc. 1987; 19 3549-3551
- 94 Burdelski M, Ringe B, Rodeck B et al.. [Indications and results of liver transplantation in childhood]. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd. 1988; 136 317-322
- 95 Ringe B, Burdelski M, Rodeck B, Pichlmayr R. Experience with partial liver transplantation in Hannover. Clin Transpl. 1990; 135-144
- 96 Broelsch C E, Emond J C, Thistlethwaite J R et al.. Liver transplantation with reduced-size donor organs. Transplantation. 1988; 45 519-524
- 97 Zitelli B J, Gartner J C, Malatack J J et al.. Pediatric liver transplantation: patient evaluation and selection, infectious complications, and life-style after transplantation. Transplant Proc. 1987; 19 3309-3316
- 98 Emond J C, Whitington P F, Thistlethwaite J R, Alonso E M, Broelsch C E. Reduced-size orthotopic liver transplantation: use in the management of children with chronic liver disease. Hepatology. 1989; 10 867-872
- 99 Otte J B, de Ville de Goyet J, Sokal E et al.. Size reduction of the donor liver is a safe way to alleviate the shortage of size-matched organs in pediatric liver transplantation. Ann Surg. 1990; 211 146-157
- 100 Renz J F, Yersiz H, Reichert P R et al.. Split-liver transplantation: a review. Am J Transplant. 2003; 3 1323-1335
- 101 Renz J F, Emond J C, Yersiz H, Ascher N L, Busuttil R W. Split-liver transplantation in the United States: outcomes of a national survey. Ann Surg. 2004; 239 172-181
- 102 Washburn K, Halff G, Mieles L, Goldstein R, Goss J A. Split-liver transplantation: results of statewide usage of the right trisegmental graft. Am J Transplant. 2005; 5 1652-1659
- 103 Yersiz H, Renz J F, Farmer D G et al.. One-hundred in situ split-liver transplantations: a single center experience. Ann Surg. 2003; 238 496-505
- 104 Nashan B. Outcome of split liver transplantation using ex-situ or in-situ splits from cadaver donors. Paper presented at: Joint Meeting of the International Liver Transplantation Society, European Liver Transplantation Association, and Liver Intensive Care Group of Europe Berlin, Germany; 2001
- 105 Broering D. In-situ full right-full left splitting: the ultimate expansion of the adult donor pool. Paper presentations at: Transplant Meeting Chicago, IL; 2001
- 106 Noujaim H M. Division of vascular pedical and vascular complications after ex vivo split liver transplantation. Report of the European Liver Transplant Registry. Paper presented at: Joint Meeting of the International Liver Transplantation Society, European Liver Transplantation Association, and the Liver Intensive Care Group of Europe Berlin, Germany; 2001
- 107 Sauer I M, Pascher A, Steinmuller T et al.. Split liver and living donation liver transplantation: the Berlin experience. Transplant Proc. 2001; 33 1459-1460
- 108 Maggi U. Split in situ liver grafts from pediatric aged donors. Paper presented at: Joint Meeting of the International Liver Transplantation Society, European Liver Transplantation Association, and Liver Intensive Care Group of Europe Berlin, Germany; 2001
- 109 Kilic M, Seu P, Goss J. Maintaining the celiac trunk with the left graft for in-situ split liver transplantation. Paper presented at: Joint Meeting of the International Liver Transplantation Society, European Liver Transplantation Association, and Liver Intensive Care Group of Europe Berlin, Germany; 2001
- 110 Ghobrial R M, Yersiz H, Farmer D G et al.. Predictors of survival after in vivo split liver transplantation: analysis of 110 consecutive patients. Ann Surg. 2000; 232 312-323
- 111 Rela M, Vougas V, Muiesan P et al.. Split liver transplantation: King's College Hospital experience. Ann Surg. 1998; 227 282-288
- 112 Goss J A, Yersiz H, Shackleton C R et al.. In situ splitting of the cadaveric liver for transplantation. Transplantation. 1997; 64 871-877
- 113 Rogiers X, Malago M, Gawad K et al.. In situ splitting of cadaveric livers: the ultimate expansion of a limited donor pool. Ann Surg. 1996; 224 331-339
- 114 Roberts J P, Hulbert-Shearon T E, Merion R M, Wolfe R A, Port F K. The influence of graft type on outcomes after pediatric liver transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2004; 4 373-377
- 115 Merion R M, Rush S H, Dykstra D M et al.. Predicted lifetimes for adult and pediatric split liver versus adult whole liver transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2004; 4 1792-1797
- 116 Humar A, Ramcharan T, Sielaff T D et al.. Split liver transplantation for two adult recipients: an initial experience. Am J Transplant. 2001; 1 366-372
- 117 Humar A. Split-liver transplants for 2 adult recipients: an initial experience. In: American Transplant Congress Chicago, IL; 2001
- 118 Olthoff K M, Merion R M, Ghobrial R M et al.. Outcomes of 385 adult-to-adult living donor liver transplant recipients: a report from the A2ALL consortium. Ann Surg. 2005; 242 314-323
- 119 Lo C M, Fan S T, Liu C L et al.. Lessons learned from one hundred right lobe living donor liver transplants. Ann Surg. 2004; 240 151-158
- 120 Walter M, Dammann G, Papachristou C et al.. Quality of life of living donors before and after living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2003; 35 2961-2963
- 121 Ito T, Kiuchi T, Egawa H et al.. Surgery-related morbidity in living donors of right-lobe liver graft: lessons from the first 200 cases. Transplantation. 2003; 76 158-163
- 122 Boillot O, Belghiti J, Azoulay D et al.. Initial French experience in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2003; 35 962-963
- 123 Umeshita K, Fujiwara K, Kiyosawa K et al.. Operative morbidity of living liver donors in Japan. Lancet. 2003; 362 687-690
- 124 Malago M, Testa G, Frilling A et al.. Right living donor liver transplantation-an option for adult patients: single institution experience with 74 patients. Ann Surg. 2003; 238 853-862
-
125 Health Resources and Services Administration .http://Available at: www.hrsa.gov Accessed March 1, 2006
- 126 Bernat J L, D'Alessandro A M, Port F K et al.. Report of a national conference on donation after cardiac death. Am J Transplant. 2006; 6 281-291
- 127 D'Alessandro A M, Fernandez L A, Chin L T et al.. Donation after cardiac death: the University of Wisconsin experience. Ann Transplant. 2004; 9 68-71
- 128 Testa G, Goldstein R M, Netto G et al.. Long-term outcomes of patients transplanted with livers from hepatitis C positive donors. Transplantation. 1998; 65 925-929
- 129 Marroquin C E, Marino G, Kuo P C et al.. Transplantation of hepatitis C positive livers in hepatitis C positive patients is equivalent to transplanting hepatitis C negative livers. Liver Transpl. 2001; 7 762-768
- 130 Ghobrial R M, Steadman R, Gornbein J et al.. A 10 year experience of liver transplantation for hepatitis C: analysis of factors determining outcome in over 500 patients. Ann Surg. 2001; 234 384-393
- 131 Saab S, Chang A J, Comulada S et al.. Outcomes of hepatitis C and hepatitis B core positive antibody grafts in orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2003; 9 1053-1061
- 132 Wachs M E, Amend W J, Ascher N L et al.. The risk of transmission of hepatitis B from HBsAg( - ), HBcAb( + ), HBIgM( - ) organ donors. Transplantation. 1995; 59 230-234
- 133 Nery J R, Gedaly R, Vianna R et al.. Are liver grafts from hepatitis B surface antigen negative/anti-hepatitis B core positive antibody positive donors suitable for transplantation?. Transplant Proc. 2001; 33 1521-1522
- 134 Joya-Vazquez P P, Dodson F S, Dvorchik I et al.. Impact of anti-hepatitis Bc-positive grafts on the outcome of liver transplantation for HBV related cirrhosis. Transplantation. 2002; 73 1598-1602
- 135 Loss G E, Mason A L, Blazek J et al.. Transplantation of livers from HbcAb positive into HbcAb negative recipients: a strategy and preliminary results. Clin Transpl. 2001; 15(suppl 6) 55-58
- 136 Boyacioglu S, Arslan H, Demirhan B et al.. Is there risk of transmitting hepatitis B virus in accepting hepatitis b core-antibody positive donors for living related liver transplantation?. Transplant Proc. 2001; 33 2802-2803
- 137 Anselmo D M, Ghobrial R M, Jung L C et al.. New era of transplantation for hepatitis B: 17 year single center experience. Ann Surg. 2002; 235 611-620
- 138 Miller C. Living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2003; 35 964-965
- 139 Ghobrial R M, Saab S, Lassman C et al.. Donor and recipient outcomes in right lobe adult living donor liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2002; 8 901-909
- 140 Fishbein T. Analysis of 50 consecutive right lobe liver transplants from living donors. Paper presented at: Joint Meeting of International Liver Transplantation Society, European Liver Transplantation Association, and Liver Intensive Care Group of Europe Berlin, Germany; 2001
- 141 Bak T, Wachs M, Trotter J et al.. Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using right-lobe grafts: results and lessons learned from a single-center experience. Liver Transpl. 2001; 7 680-686
- 142 Goldstein M. Analysis of failure in living donor liver transplantation: differential outcomes in children and adults. Paper presented at: Transplant Meeting Chicago, IL; 2001
- 143 Fair J. Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using right lobe: single center experience. Paper presented at: The Joint American Transplant Meeting Chicago, IL; 2001
- 144 Grewal H P, Shokouh-Amiri M H, Vera S et al.. Surgical technique for right lobe adult living donor liver transplantation without venovenous bypass or portocaval shunting and with duct-to-duct biliary reconstruction. Ann Surg. 2001; 233 502-508
- 145 Marcos A, Ham J M, Fisher R A, Olzinski A T, Posner M P. Single-center analysis of the first 40 adult-to-adult living donor liver transplants using the right lobe. Liver Transpl. 2000; 6 296-301
- 146 Marcos A, Fisher R A, Ham J M et al.. Right lobe living donor liver transplantation. Transplantation. 1999; 68 798-803
- 147 Muiesan P, Girlanda R, Jassem W et al.. Single-center experience with liver transplantation from controlled non-heart-beating donors: a viable source of grafts. Ann Surg. 2005; 242 732-738
- 148 Manzarbeitia C Y, Ortiz J A, Jeon H et al.. Long-term outcome of controlled, non-heart-beating donor liver transplantation. Transplantation. 2004; 78 211-215
- 149 Otero A, Gomez-Gutierrez M, Suarez F et al.. Liver transplantation from Maastricht category 2 non-heart-beating donors: a source to increase the donor pool?. Transplant Proc. 2004; 36 747-750
- 150 Fukumori T, Kato T, Levi D et al.. Use of older controlled non-heart-beating donors for liver transplantation. Transplantation. 2003; 75 1171-1174
- 151 D'Alessandro A M, Hoffmann R M, Knechtle S J et al.. Liver transplantation from controlled non-heart-beating donors. Surgery. 2000; 128 579-588
- 152 Reich D J, Munoz S J, Rothstein K D et al.. Controlled non-heart-beating donor liver transplantation: a successful single center experience, with topic update. Transplantation. 2000; 70 1159-1166
- 153 Casavilla A, Ramirez C, Shapiro R et al.. Experience with liver and kidney allografts from non-heart-beating donors. Transplantation. 1995; 59 197-203
John F RenzM.D. Ph.D.
Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, New York-Presbyterian Hospital
622 West 168th Street, Room PH-14C, New York, NY 10032