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Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2007; 75(5): 275-284
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-932179
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Neuropsychiatrie des Methylphenidat bei der Aufmerksamkeits-Defizit/Hyperaktivitäts-Störung (ADHS)

Neuropsychiatric Bases of the Methylphenidate-Therapy of the Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)M.  Huber1, 2 , E.  Kirchler2 , H.  Niederhofer3 , L.  Gruber1
  • 1Therapie Center, Ambulanz für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Südtiroler Kinderdorf/www.kinderdorf.it, (Ärztlicher Leiter Oberarzt Dr. Markus Huber)
  • 2Zentrum für psychische Gesundheit, Psychiatrie-Sanitätsbetrieb Bruneck/www.sb-bruneck.it, (Ärztlicher Direktor Primar Dr. Roger Pycha)
  • 3Kinder-und Jugendneuropsychiatrischer Dienst, Pädiatrie-Sanitätsbetrieb Bozen/www.sbbz.it, (Ärztlicher Direktor Prof. Dr. Klaus Pittschieler)
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
17. November 2006 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Hohe Prävalenz und Komorbiditätsraten mit oftmals gravierenden psychosozialen Folgen machen die Aufmerksamkeits-Defizit/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen zu einer Herausforderung für Forschung und Krankenversorgung. Zahlreiche Studien sprechen für die Annahme einer dopaminergen fronto-striatalen Informationsverabeitungsstörung ADHS-Betroffener (Störung exekutiver Funktionen). Die Übersichtsarbeit stellt die neurobiochemischen Grundlagen der seit fast einem halben Jahrhundert klinisch erfolgreich angewandten Methylphenidat-Therapie bei der ADHS im Zusammenhang aktueller Forschungsergebnisse dar (MRI, f-MRI, PET, SPECT, Genmapping). Die erhöhte striatale Dopamin-Transporter-Dichte bei ADHS-Methylphenidat-Respondern wird als ein wissenschaftlich konsequentes und brauchbares Arbeitsmodell für die klinische Praxis dargestellt.

Abstract

High prevalence and high co-morbidity rates with frequently aggravating psychosocial problems make the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) of children, adolescents and adults an important target for research and healthcare. Recent findings suggest a dopaminergic fronto-striatal information processing deficit in ADHD-patients (executive functions). This review summarizes and presents, in the context of recent studies (MRI, f-MRI, PET, SPECT, Mapping Genes) the neurobiochemical bases of the methylphenidate-therapy, clinically successfully applied since almost one half century by the ADHD. The increased striatal dopamine transporter density by the ADHD-methylphenidate-responder is reported as a scientifically sound and useful clinical working model.

Schlüsselwörter

ADHS - Dopamin-Transporter - Methylphenidat

Key words

ADHD - dopamine-transporter - methylphenidate

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Dr. Markus Huber

Zentrum für psychische Gesundheit · Psychiatrie-Sanitätsbetrieb Bruneck

Spitalgasse 11

39031 Bruneck/Südtirol

Italien

eMail: markus.huber@sb-bruneck.it