Zusammenfassung
Die Depression ist eine häufige und wichtige Komplikation nach einem Schlaganfall. Eine „Post-Stroke-Depression” (PSD) hat wesentlichen Einfluss auf das funktionelle und kognitive Defizit, auf die Mortalität sowie auf die Lebensqualität nach einem Schlaganfall. Trotz der großen klinischen Relevanz dieses Krankheitsbildes wird in der Routinebehandlung der Schlaganfallpatienten die PSD häufig übersehen und verbleibt auch bei Diagnosestellung oft unbehandelt. Die diagnostische Unsicherheit wird dadurch vergrößert, dass einheitliche Diagnosekriterien fehlen und damit das Krankheitsbild durch die aktuelle Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) nicht eindeutig erfasst werden kann. Wir stellen hier erstmals einen Algorithmus vor, mit dem Schlaganfallpatienten standardisiert auf das Vorliegen einer PSD untersucht werden können. Dabei sollen die Patienten generell einem einfachen und kurzen Screening unterzogen werden, um nur bei Verdacht auf eine PSD in der initialen Screening-Untersuchung eine aufwändigere Diagnostik folgen zu lassen. Des Weiteren werden Möglichkeiten und Schwierigkeiten aufgezeigt, die PSD als eigenständiges Krankheitsbild im System der Diagnostic Related Groups (DRG) zu kodieren und damit den Schweregrad des betroffenen Patienten optimal abzubilden. Abschließend werden medikamentöse Therapiemöglichkeiten der PSD diskutiert.
Abstract
Depression is a frequent and important complication after stroke. The occurence of a post-stroke-depression (PSD) has a significant impact on the functional and cognitive deficit, on mortality and on quality of life after stroke. In contrast to the clinical importance, PSD is often ignored in routine management of stroke patients and remains often untreated if diagnosed. The diagnostic uncertainty is aggravated by the lack of appropriate diagnostic criteria for PSD in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) used in Germany. For the first time, we present an algorithm, which allows for a standardized examination of stroke patients on the presence of PSD. All stroke patients should be examined initially by a short and simple screening tool and are subjected to more extensive procedures only if PSD is assumed based on the screening result. Furthermore potentials and limitations to convert the diagnosis of PSD into a diagnostic related group (DRG) that is used to calculate the hospital's reimbursement are highlighted. Finally pharmacological treatment options for PSD are discussed.
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Dr. med. Christian Dohmen
Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie der Universität zu Köln ·
Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9 ·
50924 Köln
Email: chris@pet.mpin-koeln.mpg.de