New Aromatic Compounds from the Marine Mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza

Abstract

The phytochemical investigation of the stem of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza yielded five new aromatic compounds (1 - 5), of which the bruguierols A - C (1 - 3) represent a new structural skeleton in natural product chemistry. All structures have been determined by NMR spectroscopic studies. Among them, 3 showed moderate activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including mycobacteria and resistant strains (MICs 12.5 μg/mL).

Key words

Bruguiera gymnorrhiza - Rhizophoraceae - mangrove - aromatic compounds - antimicrobial

References

• 1 Miles D H, Kokpol U, Chittawong V, Santi T P, Tunsuwan K, Chi N. Mangrove forests - the importance of conservation as a bioresource for ecosystem diversity and utilization as a source of chemical constituents with potential medicinal and agricultural value.  Pure Appl Chem. 1998;  70 2113-22
• 2 Minjuan X, Zhiwei D, Min L, Jun L, Hongzheng F, Peter P, Wenhan L. Chemical constituents from the mangrove plant, Aegiceras corniculatum .  J Nat Prod. 2004;  67 762-6
• 3 Subrahmanyan C, Rao B V, Ward R S, Hursthous M B, Hibbs D E. Diterpenes from the marine mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza .  Phytochemistry. 1999;  51 83-90
• 4 Misra S, Choudhury A, Dutta A K, Ghosh A. Sterols and fatty acids from three species of mangrove.  Phytochemistry. 1984;  23 2823-37
• 5 Misra S, Datta A K, Chattopadhyay S, Choudhury A, Ghosh A. Hydrocarbons and wax esters from seven species of mangrove leaves.  Phytochemistry. 1987;  26 3265-8
• 6 Achmadi S, Syahbirin G, Choong E T, Hemingway R W. Catechin 3-O-rhamnoside chain extender units in polymeric procyanidins from mangrove bark.  Phytochemistry. 1994;  35 217-9
• 7 National Committee for Clinical Laboratory S tandards. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria that grow Aerobically, Approved Standard. NCCLS Document M7-A4. 4th edn. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards Villanova, PA; 1997
• 8 Baldomero E, Maragarita F, Simon H O, Toscano R A, Ramamoorthy T P. Abietane and icetexane diterpeniods from the roots of Salvia aspera .  Phytochemistry. 1995;  39 139-43
• 9 Dewick P M. The shikimate pathway: aromatic amino acids and phenylpropanoids. Medicinal Natural Products: a biosynthetic approach. 2nd edn 2002: 121-66