Synthesis 2004(17): 2767-2783  
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-834883
REVIEW
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Oxidative Spiroacetalizations and Spirolactonizations of Arenes

Sonia Rodríguez, Peter Wipf*
Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
Fax: +1(412)6240787; e-Mail: pwipf@pitt.edu;
Further Information

Publication History

Received 16 August 2004
Publication Date:
21 October 2004 (online)

Abstract

Oxidative methods for arene spiroacetalization and spirolactonization provide highly functionalized intermediates for organic synthesis. In addition to metal salts, electrochemical oxidations, quinones and, especially, hypervalent iodine reagents allow selective transformations on the arene core structures while tolerating many other functional groups. This review discusses oxidative processes for spiroacetal and spirolactone synthesis, including selective and historically significant examples of monocyclic and fused ring product formations.

  • 1 Introduction

  • 2 Oxidative Spiroacetalization Protocols

  • 2.1 Anodic Oxidation

  • 2.2 Hypervalent Iodine Reagents

  • 2.3 Thallium(III) Nitrate Mediated Reactions

  • 2.4 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone as Oxidant

  • 2.5 Miscellaneous Reagents

  • 3 Oxidative Spirolactonization Protocols

  • 4 Conclusions

1

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