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Int J Sports Med 2004; 25(4): 264-269
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819938
Physiology & Biochemistry

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effect of Acute Hypoxia on Heart Rate Variability at Rest and During Exercise

M. Buchheit1 , R. Richard2 , S. Doutreleau2 , E. Lonsdorfer-Wolf2 , G. Brandenberger1 , C. Simon1
  • 1Laboratoire des Régulations Physiologiques et des Rythmes Biologiques chez l’Homme, Strasbourg, France
  • 2Service de Physiologie Clinique et d’Explorations Fonctionnelles, Cardio-circulatoires et Respiratoires, Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
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Publication History

Accepted after revision: June 30, 2003

Publication Date:
26 May 2004 (online)

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate sympathovagal balance as inferred from heart rate variability (HRV) responses to acute hypoxia at rest and during exercise. HRV was evaluated in 12 healthy subjects during a standardized hypoxic tolerance test which consists of four periods alternating rest and moderate exercise (50 % V·O2max) in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Ventilatory responses were determined and HRV indexes were calculated for the last 5 min of each period. In well-tolerant subjects, hypoxia at rest induced a decrease of root-mean-square of successive normal R-R interval differences (RMSSD) (p < 0.05) and of absolute high frequency (HF) power (p < 0.001). All absolute HRV indexes were strongly reduced during exercise (p < 0.001) with no further changes under the additional stimulus of hypoxia. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in the HF/(LF+HF) ratio (where LF is low frequency power) was found during exercise in hypoxia compared to exercise in normoxia, associated with similar mean changes in ventilation and tidal volume. These results indicate a vagal control withdrawal under hypoxia at rest. During exercise at 50 % V·O2max, HRV indexes cannot adequately represent cardiac autonomic adaptation to acute hypoxia, or possibly to other additional stimuli, due to the dominant effect of exercise and the eventual influence of confounding factors.

Key words

Hypoxic test - high altitude adaptation - HRV indexes - autonomic nervous system

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M. Buchheit

Laboratoire des Régulations Physiologiques et des Rythmes Biologiques chez l’Homme

4 rue Kirschleger · 67085 Strasbourg Cedex · France

Phone: +33 390 243444

Fax: +33 390 243432

Email: Martin.Buchheit@physio-ulp.u-strasbg.fr