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DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-814965
Pathologisches Kaufen - Eine Literaturübersicht
Pathological Buying - A Literature ReviewPublication History
Publication Date:
04 January 2005 (online)
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Zusammenfassung
Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, einen Überblick über die in den letzten 15 Jahren erschienenen Publikationen zum Thema pathologisches Kaufen zu geben. Unter pathologischem oder zwanghaft-impulsivem Kaufen wird die fehlangepasste starke Beschäftigung mit Kaufen bzw. ein als unwiderstehlich und häufig auch sinnlos wahrgenommener Kaufdrang oder Kaufexzess verstanden. Es handelt sich um ein Phänomen, welches erhebliche Belastungen und deutliche soziale und finanzielle Probleme verursacht. Es werden Arbeiten zur Phänomenologie, Diagnostik, Klassifikation, Komorbidität, Epidemiologie und Therapie referiert. Pathologisches Kaufen kann als „nicht näher bezeichnete abnorme Gewohnheit und Störung der Impulskontrolle” (ICD-10: F63.9) diagnostiziert werden. In Deutschland können zwischen 6 und 8 % der Erwachsenen als kaufsuchtgefährdet eingestuft werden. Klinische Studien zeigen eine hohe Komorbidität mit anderen psychischen Störungen, v. a. mit affektiven Störungen, Angststörungen, Substanzabhängigkeiten, Essstörungen, Störungen der Impulskontrolle und Zwangsstörungen. Erfolg versprechende medikamentöse Behandlungen mit Antidepressiva (v. a. SSRI) und Opiatantagonisten wurden berichtet. Diese Ergebnisse konnten jedoch noch nicht durch kontrollierte Studien gestützt werden. Zur Psychotherapie wurden einige Kasuistiken publiziert. Die Wirksamkeit eines störungsspezifischen kognitiv-behavioralen Therapiekonzeptes wird derzeit in den USA und seit 2003 in der Abteilung für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Universitätsklinikums Erlangen überprüft.
Abstract
This review summarizes the literature on pathological buying published during the past 15 years. Pathological or compulsive buying is defined as frequent preoccupation with buying or impulses to buy that are experienced as irresistible, intrusive, and/or senseless. The buying behavior causes marked distress, interferes with social functioning, and often results in financial problems. Studies on the phenomenology, diagnosis, classification, comorbidity, epidemiology, and treatment are presented. Pathological buying should be diagnosed as impulse control disorder not otherwise specified (ICD-10 F63.9). Psychiatric comorbidity is frequent, particulary mood, anxiety, substance use, eating, impulse control and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The positive results of pharmacological treatment with antidepressants (usually SSRI) and opioid antagonists could not be confirmed in controlled trials. A disorder specific cognitive-behavioral group treatment manual was published in USA. A controlled study is currently conducted in USA and since 2003 at the Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy at the University Hospital Erlangen.
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Dr. med. Dipl.-Psych. Astrid Müller
Abteilung für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie · Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
Schwabachanlage 6
91054 Erlangen
Email: astrid.mueller@psych.imed.uni-erlangen.de