Immunmodulation durch Phototherapie

Zusammenfassung

Die Phototherapie ist eine wesentliche Komponente der modernen dermatologischen Therapie und hat wesentlich zur Besserung zahlreicher Dermatosen beigetragen. Der Ursprung der Phototherapie ist empirischer Natur, und viele Entwicklungen haben sich auch noch in letzter Zeit daraus abgeleitet. Einige phototherapeutische Konzepte beruhen aber bereits auf den Fortschritten in der Photoimmunologie und Molekularbiologie. Auch wenn wir noch weit davon entfernt sind, die Mechanismen der Phototherapie im Detail zu verstehen, ist es offensichtlich, dass eine wesentliche Komponente der Phototherapie die UV-induzierte Immunmodulation ist. UV-Strahlung ist in der Lage, das Immunsystem in vielfältiger Weise zu beeinflussen. Es kann z. B. die Präsentation von Antigenen inhibieren, die Freisetzung immunsuppressiver Zytokine induzieren und apoptotischen Zelltod hervorrufen. Der folgendende Artikel beleuchtet die immunmodulatorischen Effekte von UV-Strahlung.

Abstract

Phototherapy is a major therapeutic strategy in dermatology and has dramatically influenced the treatment of many skin diseases. Therapeutic photomedicine has been largely empirical and most of it is still empirical today. However, parts of it are already based on the advances in photoimmunology and molecular biology. Although we are far away from a detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying phototherapy, there is increasing evidence that phototherapy acts via the modulation of immune reactions. UV radiation can affect immune reactions in several ways, e. g. by inhibiting antigen presentation, inducing the release of immunosuppressive cytokines and by inducing apoptotic cell death. The following article focuses primarily on the immunomodulatory effects of UV radiation.

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