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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-35573
Jacobson’s Catalyst
Publication History
Publication Date:
20 November 2002 (online)
Enantioselective epoxidation of olefins is a challenging and useful synthetic transformation. [1] Since its introduction in the early nineties, Jacobsen’s catalyst has proved reliable for highly enantioselective epoxidation of prochiral olefins. [2] Belonging to the salen-ligand class, [3] the catalyst has a manganese core in a square planar geometry, stabilised with a chlorine atom in the axial position. [2] Several stoichiometric oxidants have been used successfully, [4] with NaOCl the most frequently involved. [1a] [b] [5] Easy to prepare, the catalyst has become commercially available in both enantiomeric forms. [6] Applied also for the enantioselective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides, [4e] and for the oxidation of hydrocarbons at the benzylic position, [4c] the catalyst has even been synthesised in a dimeric form for the epoxidation of olefins under heterogeneous conditions. [7] Recently, it has provided the first example of didehydrogenation of secondary hydroxylamines to the corresponding nitrones. [8]
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1a
Zhang W.Loebach JL.Wilson SR.Jacobsen EN. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112: 2801 ; and references cited therein -
1b
Jacobsen EN.Zhang W.Muci AR.Ecker JR.Deng L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113: 7063 -
1c
Irie R.Nada K.Ito Y.Katsuki T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1991, 32: 1055 - 2
Zhang W.Jacobsen EN. J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56: 2296 -
3a
Srinivasan K.Michaud P.Kochi JK. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108: 2309 -
3b
Srinivasan K.Perrier S.Kochi JK. J. Mol. Catal. 1986, 36: 297 -
3c
Irie R.Noda K.Ito Y.Katsuki T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1991, 32: 1055 -
3d For recent reviews,
see:
Jacobsen EN. In Catalytic Asymmetric SynthesisOjima I. VCH; New York: 1993. 4.2. -
3e See also:
Katsuki T. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1995, 140: 189 -
4a
Palucki M.Pospisil PJ.Zhang W.Jacobsen EN. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116: 9333 -
4b
Palucki M.McCormick J.Jacobsen EN. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36: 5457 -
4c
Lee NH.Lee CS.Jung DS. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39: 1385 -
4d
Adam W.Jek J.Lévai A.Nemes C.Patonay T.Sebı P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36: 3669k -
4e
Palucki M.Hanson P.Jacobsen EN. Tetrahedron Lett. 1992, 33: 7111 -
4f To compare the results of
other salen catalysts, see:
Noda K.Hosoya N.Yanai K.Irie R.Katsuki T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35: 1887 -
4g
Kokubo C.Katsuki T. Tetrahedron 1996, 52: 13895 -
5a
Lee NH.Muci AR.Jacobsen EN. Tetrahedron Lett. 1991, 32: 5055 -
5b
Lee NH.Jacobsen EN. Tetrahedron Lett. 1991, 32: 6533 -
5c
Chang S.Lee NH.Jacobsen EN. J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58: 6939 -
5d
Chang S.Heid RM.Jacobsen EN. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35: 669 -
5e
Brandes BD.Jacobsen EN. J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59: 4378 -
5f
Jacobsen EN.Deng L.Furukawa Y.Martinez LE. Tetrahedron 1994, 50: 4323 -
5g
Chang S.Galvin JM.Jacobsen EN. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116: 6937 -
5h
Brandes BD.Jacobsen EN. Tetrahedron Lett. 1995, 36: 5123 - 6
Chem. Eng.
News 1993, July 19, 50
- 7
Janssen KBM.Laquiere I.Dehaen W.Parton RF.Vankelekom IFJ.Jacobs PA. Tetrahedron Asymmetry 1997, 8: 3481 - 8
Cicchi S.Cardona F.Brandi A.Corsi M.Goti A. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40: 1989 -
9a
Lockhart IM. Chromenes Chromanones, and Chromones, In The Chemistry of Heterocyclic CompoundsEllis GP. 31: Wiley; New York: 1977. 2. - 10
Deng L.Jacobsen EN. J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57: 4320 -
11a
Parker RE.Isaacs NC. Chem. Rev. 1959, 59: 737 -
11b
Behrens CH.Sharpless KB. Aldrichimica Acta 1983, 16: 67 -
12a
Yamada T.Imagawa K.Nagata T.Mukayama T. Bull. Chem Soc. Jpn. 1994, 67: 248 -
12b
Imagawa K.Nagata T.Yamada T.Mukayama T. Chem. Lett. 1994, 527