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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1789188
Original Article

Comparison between the Risk of Developing Sleep Disorders with Lung Mechanics and Thoracic Ultrasound Signals in Adults with Obesity

Sidney Fernandes da Silva 
1   Rehabilitation Sciences Postgraduation Program, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Carlos Eduardo Santos 
1   Rehabilitation Sciences Postgraduation Program, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Iasmim Maria Pereira Pinto Fonseca 
2   School of Physiotherapy, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Wellington de Oliveira Pereira 
2   School of Physiotherapy, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Hendyl Pereira Soares dos Anjos 
2   School of Physiotherapy, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Agnaldo José Lopes 
1   Rehabilitation Sciences Postgraduation Program, Centro Universitário Augusto Motta (UNISUAM), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
3   Medical Sciences Postgraduation Program, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
› Author Affiliations Funding Statement The present study was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnólogico (CNPq; grant numbers 301967/2022-9 and 401633/2023-3), Brazil, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ; grant number #E-26/200.929/2022), Brazil, and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, finance code 001, 88881.708719/2022-01, and 88887.708718/2022-00).
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Abstract

Objective The present study aimed to compare the risk of developing sleep disorders with abnormalities in lung mechanics, abnormal ultrasound signals, and anthropometric parameters in adults with obesity.

Materials and Methods A total of 50 individuals were assessed for the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using the Mallampati classification, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Snoring, Tiredness, Observed Apnea, High Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Age, Neck Circumference, and Gender (STOP-Bang) questionnaire, and the Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SACS). Patients also underwent respiratory oscillometry, spirometry, and thoracic ultrasound.

Results The subgroup with abnormal respiratory oscillometry was more likely to have an ESS score indicating a high risk of developing OSA (87.5%) than the subgroup with normal respiratory oscillometry (42.9%) (p = 0.024). On thoracic ultrasound, the frequency of patients with a Mallampati classification of high risk of developing OSA was greater in the subgroup with > 2 B-lines (80%) than in the subgroup with ≤ 2 B-lines (25.7%) (p = 0.0003). The subgroup with subpleural consolidations was more likely to have an OSA-indicative ESS score (100%) than the subgroup without subpleural consolidations (41.9%) (p = 0.004). According to the multivariate analysis, > 2 B lines and body mass index were found to be independent variables for predicting the Mallampati classification, while subpleural consolidation was the only independent variable for predicting the ESS score.

Conclusion In adults with obesity, the greater the risk of developing OSA was, the worse the resistive and reactive parameters measured by respiratory oscillometry. Abnormal respiratory oscillometry and abnormal thoracic ultrasound are factors associated with a high risk of developing OSA.

Keywords

obesity - sleep - respiratory oscillometry - thoracic ultrasound - spirometry

Ethical Approval of Studies/Informed Consent

The current study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Federal de Bonsucesso under the number CAAE-65762122.3.0000.5253, and it was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles consistent with the Declaration of Helsinki and all participants signed an informed consent form.


Credit Authorship Contribution Statement

SFS: conceptualization, formal analysis, methodology, and writing – original draft. CES: conceptualization, methodology, validation, and writing – review & editing. IMPPF: methodology, validation, and writing – review & editing. WOP: methodology, validation, and writing – review & editing. HPSA: methodology, validation, and writing – review & editing. AJL: conceptualization, formal analysis, funding acquisition, methodology, supervision, and writing – original draft.




Publication History

Received: 16 January 2024

Accepted: 25 June 2024

Article published online:
14 August 2024

© 2024. Brazilian Sleep Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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