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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · South Asian J Cancer 2025; 14(04): 771-776
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786363
Original Article
Laboratory Section

Active Tuberculosis Risk Associated with Malignancies: A 4-Year Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Autor*innen

  • Priyamvada Roy 

    1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Kiran Bala

    1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Jaya Biswas

    1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Javed Ahmed

    1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Raunak Bir

    1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Vishwanath Yadav

    1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Ashit Xess

    1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Sanjana Kumari

    1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Prabhat Singh Malik

    2   Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • S. V. S. Deo

    3   Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Atul Batra

    2   Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Atul Sharma

    2   Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

  • Urvashi B. Singh 

    1   Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Abstract

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important public health problem worldwide. Risk of acquiring TB in patients diagnosed with cancers remains high and can result due to reactivation or reinfection. We share the experience in a large tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods

Clinical samples from presumptive TB patients while on cancer therapy were tested by smear Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) staining, GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Gx), TB polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and liquid culture (MGIT 960) from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022.

Statistical Analysis

Stata 14.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The p-value calculation was done by Pearson's chi-square test.

Results

Of 906 patients investigated, 42 (4.64%) tested positive for TB. Seven (1.37%) tested positive by ZN staining, 10 patients (6%) had culture positive by MGIT, 20 (10.53%) and 5 (13.51%) samples were positive by Gx and PCR, respectively. Maximum number of TB-positive patients were found to be suffering from carcinoma lung (28%) followed by leukemia (25%), gastrointestinal cancer (13%), and genitourinary cancer (13%), respectively. Seven of the 42 patients succumbed to the disease; the cases belonged to Hodgkin's lymphoma (75% mortality), leukemia (30% mortality), and genitourinary cancer (20% mortality).

Conclusion

The incidence of active TB is high in cancer patients, especially lung cancer, leukemia, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary cancers. Mortality was high in Hodgkin's lymphoma patients who developed TB. Screening for TB at the time of diagnosis of a high TB risk cancer would help initiate early treatment. We recommend targeted screening for TB in patients with these high-risk cancers, at the time of diagnosis and periodically through cancer treatment.

Keywords

GeneXpert - lung cancer - MGIT 960 - TB PCR - Ziehl–Neelsen stain

Note

The material is original research, has not been previously published, and has not been submitted for publication elsewhere while under consideration.




Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 28. September 2023

Angenommen: 28. März 2024

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
26. April 2024

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