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CC BY 4.0 · Avicenna J Med 2024; 14(01): 022-038
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779674
Review Article

Oral Soft Tissue Metastasis from Breast Cancer as the Only Primary Source: Systematic Review

Nausheen Aga
1   School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
,
Ruchira Shreevats
2   Department of Orthodontics, Primadent Dental Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
,
Sonia Gupta 
3   Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Odontology, Yamuna Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Gadholi, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
,
Harman Sandhu
4   General Dentistry, Building Smiles Dental Clinic, Mohali, Punjab, India
,
Muna E.M. Hassan
5   Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
,
Harnisha V. Prajapati
6   General Dentistry, Bhavya Dental Clinic and Implant Centre, Palanpur, Gujarat, India
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

Background Breast cancer is one of the most lethal neoplasms causing death. Oral cavity is the rare site of distant metastasis from breast cancer. Very little research has been conducted to date to analyze breast cancer as the sole primary source of metastasis to the oral soft tissues. The goal of this study was to examine the published cases of oral soft tissue metastasis from breast cancer as the only primary source to date.

Methods An electronic search of the published literature was performed without publication year limitation in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, and Research Gate databases, using mesh keywords like (“Breast cancer”, OR “Breast carcinoma”) AND (“Metastasis” OR “Metastases”), And (“Oral soft tissues” OR “Tongue” OR “Palate” OR “Tonsil” OR “Buccal mucosa” OR “Floor of mouth” OR “Vestibule” OR “Salivary glands”). We also searched all related journals manually. The reference list of all articles was also checked.

Results Our research revealed 88 relevant papers (September 1967–September 2023) with 96 patients in total. The most predominant oral soft tissues involved were salivary glands followed by the gingiva, tonsils, tongue, and buccal mucosa. A total of 23% of patients died with an average survival time of 1 to 15 months.

Conclusions Oral soft tissue metastasis from breast cancer is a rare event and has a bad prognosis. More cases need to be published to raise awareness of these lesions.

Keywords

breast cancer - metastasis - oral soft tissues

Abbreviations

BC: Breast cancer, BM: Buccal mucosa, FNP: Facial nerve palsy, FOM: Floor of mouth, JB: Jaw bones, IDC: Invasive ductal carcinoma, ILC: Invasive lobular carcinoma, LC: Lung cancer, NA: Not available, OST: Oral soft tissues, OSTM: Oral soft tissue metastasis.


Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate

Not applicable.


Consent for Publication

Not applicable.


Availability of Data and Material

Electronic research.




Publication History

Article published online:
27 February 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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