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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2024; 18(03): 907-917
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777050
Original Article

The Discovery of Oral Cancer Prognostic Factor Ranking Using Association Rule Mining

Sitthi Chaowchuen
1   Udonthani Cancer Hospital, Muang Udonthani, Udonthani, Thailand
,
Kritsasith Warin 
2   Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
,
Rachasak Somyanonthanakul 
3   College of Digital Innovation Technology, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
,
Wararit Panichkitkosolkul
4   Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
,
Siriwan Suebnukarn
2   Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
› Author Affiliations Funding This study was supported by the Thammasat University Research Grant (TUFT 8/2566).
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Abstract

Objective A 5-year survival rate is a predictor for the assessment of oral cancer prognosis. The purpose of this study is to analyze oral cancer data to discover and rank the prognostic factors associated with oral cancer 5-year survival using the association rule mining (ARM) technique.

Materials and Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of 897 oral cancer patients from a regional cancer center between 2011 and 2017. The 5-year survival rate was assessed. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to determine prognostic factors. ARM was applied to clinicopathologic and treatment modalities data to identify and rank the prognostic factors associated with oral cancer 5-year survival.

Results The 5-year overall survival rate was 35.1%. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that tumor (T) stage, lymph node metastasis, surgical margin, extranodal extension, recurrence, and distant metastasis of tumor were significantly associated with overall survival rate (p < 0.05). The top associated death within 5 years rule was positive extranodal extension, followed by positive perineural and lymphovascular invasion, with confidence levels of 0.808, 0.808, and 0.804, respectively.

Conclusion This study has shown that extranodal extension, and perineural and lymphovascular invasion were the top ranking and major deadly prognostic factors affecting the 5-year survival of oral cancer.

Keywords

oral cancer - prognostic factors - survival rate - data mining - association rule mining

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Thammasat University (COE 015/2565) and was performed in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was waived by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Thammasat University because of the retrospective nature of the fully anonymized data.


Data Availability Statement

The data of this study are available with the corresponding author and can be provided upon reasonable request.


Authors' Contribution

S.C. and K.W. were involved in conceptualization and data curation. K.W., R.S., and W.P. helped in formal analysis. K.W. contributed to funding acquisition and project administration. . K.W. and R.S. helped in investigation. K.W., R.S., and S.S. were involved in methodology. R.S. and W.P. provided software. S.C. helped in resources. S.S. supervised the study; K.W. and S.S. were involved in writing and review of the manuscript.




Publication History

Article published online:
14 May 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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