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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences 2023; 15(04): 173-180
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1775843
Original Article

Responsiveness of the Immune System to Nanomedicine during Coronavirus Infections: Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis

Tanzeel Ur Rehman
1   Department of Science, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
,
Alexander Woodman 
2   School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Manchester, United Kingdom
,
Mohammad Rasheed 
3   Vice Deanship of Postgraduate Studies and Scientific Research, Dhahran, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
,
Misbah Zahid
4   Department of Pharmacy, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
› Author Affiliations Funding and Sponsorship The authors have no relevant financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose. All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest or nonfinancial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
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Abstract

Objective Nanomedicine can play an important role in the various stages of prevention, diagnosis, treatment, vaccination, and research related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While nanomedicine is a powerful interdisciplinary means that offers various approaches in patient treatment, a number of factors should be critically studied to find approaches and mechanisms in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease. This bibliometric analysis was designed to explore studies on the current knowledge of the structure, its mechanism of cell binding, and the therapeutic effect of nanomedicine on COVID-19.

Materials and Methods The study data was searched from Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC) between 2017 and 2021. Biblioshiny and VOSviewer were used to analyze and visualize patterns in scientific literature derived from WoS.

Results The three clusters of keywords resulted relating to aim. Cluster 1 looking into epidemiological and public health studies on COVID-19. Cluster 2 included terms associated with virus transition, such as receptor binding, membrane glycoprotein, membrane fusion, and viral envelope proteins. Cluster 3 involved high-frequency keywords associated with nanomedicine, such as metal nanoparticles, drug delivery system doxorubicin, immunology, immune response, inflammation, and unclassified drug. Keywords such as “nanotechnology” and “gold nanoparticles” were at the center of COVID-19 related clusters, indicating the importance of these areas during the outbreak.

Conclusions Understanding the advanced virology of coronaviruses and interfering with their spread through nanomedicine could significantly impact global health and economic stability. Continuous research is needed to accelerate the transfer of nanomedicine results into practice of treatment without risk of side effects.

Keywords

virus transition - nanomedicine - metal nanoparticles - gold nanoparticles - advanced virology of coronaviruses

Competing Interests

The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.


Consent for Publication

Not applicable.


Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

Not applicable.


Availability of Data and Material

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.


Authors' Contributions

T.U.R. helped in conceptualization, methodology, and software. A.W. was involved in data curation, visualization, writing—reviewing and editing. M.R. contributed to writing—original draft preparation, visualization, and investigation; M.Z. was involved in supervision, methodology, software, and validation.


Compliance with Ethical Principles

Not applicable.




Publication History

Article published online:
03 October 2023

© 2023. The Libyan Biotechnology Research Center. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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