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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2024; 18(02): 563-570
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1774320
Original Article

The Association between Dental Pain and Psychological Symptoms: Evidence from a Population-Based Study in Indonesia

Ninuk Hariyani 
1   Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
2   Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
,
Tantry Maulina 
3   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
4   Biomedical Science Program, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
5   Department of Dentistry - Quality and Safety of Oral Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
,
Rahul Nair
2   Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
5   Department of Dentistry - Quality and Safety of Oral Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of dental pain and its association with psychological symptoms: stress and depression.

Materials and Methods The 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey data were used for the abovementioned purposes. Records of self-reported dental pain and stress as well as the occurrence of depression based on the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale were analyzed. Multivariable ordinal regression models were fitted to test the hypothesized associations between dental pain and each of the psychological symptoms, controlling for age, sex, education, wealth, and religiosity.

Results Dental pain prevalence among Indonesian population was approximately 15%. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) from the ordinal regression models indicated that dental pain was related to the increase of the stress and depression level (OR: 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–1.49 and OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.41–1.79, respectively). Higher education, higher wealth, and being male are risk factors for stress. However, higher wealth and being male are protective factors for depression. Furthermore, higher religious level was a protective factor for both stress and depression.

Conclusion Dental pain was associated with a higher level of stress and a higher score of depression, even after being adjusted with age, sex, education, wealth, and religiosity.

Keywords

dental pain - depression - stress - Indonesia - population-based study - epidemiology

Authors' Contribution

N.H. contributed to the conception of the article, data request, data acquisition, data cleaning, data analysis and interpretation, result interpretation, and drafted the manuscript. T.M. contributed to the conception of the article, data acquisition, data interpretation, and drafted the manuscript. R.N. contributed to the result interpretation and critically revised the manuscript.




Publication History

Article published online:
23 November 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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