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CC BY 4.0 · Pharmaceutical Fronts 2023; 05(03): e117-e131
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1774289
Review Article

Factors Influencing the Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts: A Comprehensive Review

Aisha Azad‡   #
1   Department of Chemistry, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
,
Hajra Zafar‡   #
2   School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
,
Faisal Raza‡   #
2   School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
,
Muhammad Sulaiman
3   School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Abstract

Methods for nanoparticle (NP) synthesis of the past were costly, generating toxic compounds, which necessitates a reduction in toxic contamination associated with chemical and physical syntheses. Green nano synthesis using plant extracts has emerged as a sustainable alternative in nanotechnology with applications in various fields. Factors such as pH, extract and salt concentrations, temperature, solvent, biomolecules in plants, and reaction time significantly influence the quality and quantity of metallic NPs synthesized via green nanotechnology. This review highlights crucial factors affecting the size and shape of metallic NPs as the overall properties of the NPs are size- and shape-dependent. Current and future research in green nano synthesis holds promise for expanding our understanding of the parameters that control the synthesis, size, and shape of NPs. Further investigation is necessary to comprehend the impact of these parameters on the synthesis of metallic NPs using plant extracts, which is considered the most sustainable approach for large-scale production.

Keywords

green synthesis - green nano synthesis - metallic nanoparticles - plant extracts - impact factors

# These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors.




Publication History

Received: 06 April 2023

Accepted: 06 August 2023

Article published online:
12 September 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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