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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indographics 2023; 02(02): 053-061
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771335
Pictorial Essay

Pediatric Acquired Demyelinating Syndrome (ADS)—A Proposed Flowchart for Imaging Diagnosis

Sakshi Jeswani
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
,
Santhakumar Senthilvelan
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
,
Chetana Ratnaparkhi
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
,
Ashwini Umredkar
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
,
Shilpa Pande
1   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract

Pediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS) consists of a group of neuroinflammatory disorders, which include monophasic acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiple sclerosis, aquaporin-4 antibody-associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease, and seronegative ADS. Various advances have been made in understanding their pathology, clinical, and imaging features for providing timely and precise diagnosis to ensure appropriate patient management. Imaging serves as an important tool in not only for diagnosis of demyelination but also helps in distinguishing them. In this case series, the authors have tried to assess distinctive imaging features of these disorders and arrive at an algorithmic approach for the diagnosis of various pediatric demyelinating disorders.

Keywords

MOG antibody disease (MOGAD) - demyelinating diseases - acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) - magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - multiple sclerosis - aquaporin-4 antibody associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD)


Publication History

Article published online:
16 October 2023

© 2023. Indographics. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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