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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci 2023; 16(02): 183-196
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1770803
Original Article

Sleep Assessment in Competitive Athletes: Development and Validation of French Versions of the Athens Insomnia Scale and the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire

Diane Baize 
Sport Sciences department, LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
,
Stéphanie Meriaux-Scoffier 
Sport Sciences department, LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
,
Aurélia Chrétien 
Sport Sciences department, LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
,
Meggy Hayotte 
Sport Sciences department, LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
,
Enzo Piponnier 
Sport Sciences department, LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
,
Fabienne d'Arripe-Longueville 
Sport Sciences department, LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
› Author Affiliations Funding Declaration This research was part of the “Hamstring strain injuries and re-injury Anxiety: Psychological and Physiological risk factors” (HAPPy) project, which is part of a PhD project funded by the Université Côte d'Azur.
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Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study was to develop and validate French versions of two questionnaires assessing competitive athletes' sleep: the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS-FR) and the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ-FR).

Methods Four complementary studies were carried out, with a total sample of 296 French competitive athletes from different sports and expertise levels. The studies aimed to develop preliminary versions of the AIS-FR and the ASBQ-FR (study 1), and then to examine their respective dimensionality and reliability (study 2), temporal stability (study 3), and concurrent validity (study 4). The dimensionality was established using confirmatory factor analysis. Similar and correlated psychological factor scales were used to examine the concurrent validity (the Insomnia Severity Index, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule).

Results The AIS-FR consists of eight items with two subfactors: nocturnal symptoms and diurnal symptoms, assessed by a uniformized 4-point Likert-type scale. The ASBQ-FR is composed of 15 items with three subfactors, which differs from the original English version: behaviors affecting sleep, behaviors related to anxiety, and sleep disturbances. Due to the Covid context and curfews, three items of the original scale were excluded from the statistical analyses because non-applicable. Both scales presented satisfactory psychometric properties.

Discussion The AIS-FR and ASBQ-FR appear to be valid and reliable tools that can be used with competitive athletes for everyday training and research purposes. An ASBQ-FR version that includes the three excluded items should undergo validation testing once pandemic restrictions are eased.

Keywords

Surveys and Questionnaires - Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - Sleep Hygiene - Sleep - Sports - Athletes

Supplementary Material



Publication History

Article published online:
06 July 2023

© 2023. Brazilian Sleep Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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