CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Annals of Otology and Neurotology 2022; 05(01): 036-043
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764177
Original Article

Awareness and Experience of Tinnitus in Nepalese Young Adult Population

Sajana Aryal
1   Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka, India
,
Prabuddha Bhatarai
1   Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka, India
,
Prashant Prabhu
1   Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore, Karnataka, India
› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Introduction The prevalence of tinnitus is increasing in younger adult rapidly. It is increasing mainly because of increased daily noise levels due to the unrestrained usage of recreational devices like mobile phones, MP3s, iPods, and other personal stereos. The aim of this study is to describe awareness and experience of tinnitus among younger adult with respect to the existence, cause, effects, and management.

Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 205 young adult Nepalese population between the age ranges between 20 and 40 years through online survey mode. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS 25.0 software. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics.

Results Result showed more than half of the participants (59.2%) were aware about the existence of tinnitus; however, only 16.1% of participants were aware about the effect of tinnitus. The incidence of tinnitus was found to be high (11.71%) in Nepalese population.

Conclusion Even though most of the participants were found to be aware about existence of tinnitus, most of them were not aware about the effect of tinnitus and its cause. This result has implications for audiologist who are involved in hearing health care program across the various age groups. As per this study, since most of the participants pointed to the Internet as their source of awareness, that could be further tapped on to provide awareness in these age groups.



Publication History

Article published online:
25 May 2023

© 2023. Indian Society of Otology. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 
  • References

  • 1 Alam N, Katarkar A, Shah P, Jalvi R, Jain A, Shah M. Audiological, psychological and cognitive characteristics of tinnitus sufferers. Indian J Otol 2012; 18 (01) 20-23
  • 2 Pinto PCL, Marcelos CM, Mezzasalma MA, Osterne FJV, de Melo Tavares de Lima MA, Nardi AE. Tinnitus and its association with psychiatric disorders: systematic review. J Laryngol Otol 2014; 128 (08) 660-664
  • 3 Henry JA, Dennis KC, Schechter MA. General review of tinnitus: prevalence, mechanisms, effects, and management. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2005; 48 (05) 1204-1235
  • 4 Krog NH, Engdahl B, Tambs K. The association between tinnitus and mental health in a general population sample: results from the HUNT Study. J Psychosom Res 2010; 69 (03) 289-298
  • 5 Cima RFF. Bothersome tinnitus: cognitive behavioral perspectives. HNO 2018; 66 (05) 369-374
  • 6 Erlandsson SI. Tinnitus: Tolerance or Threat?: Psychological and Psychophysiological Perspectives. University of Gothenburg; 1990
  • 7 Erlandsson SI, Hallberg LRM, Axelsson A. Psychological and audiological correlates of perceived tinnitus severity. Audiology 1992; 31 (03) 168-179
  • 8 Sliwinska-Kowalska M, Davis A. Noise-induced hearing loss. Noise Health 2012; 14 (61) 274-280
  • 9 Degeest S, Corthals P, Vinck B, Keppler H. Prevalence and characteristics of tinnitus after leisure noise exposure in young adults. Noise Health 2014; 16 (68) 26-33
  • 10 Gilles A, Van Hal G, De Ridder D, Wouters K, Van de Heyning P. Epidemiology of noise-induced tinnitus and the attitudes and beliefs towards noise and hearing protection in adolescents. PLoS One 2013; 8 (07) e70297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070297.
  • 11 Sweetow RW. An integrated approach to tinnitus management. AudiologyOnline. Published 2013. Accessed January 30, 2023 at: https://www.audiologyonline.com/articles/integrated-approach-to-tinnitus-management-11598
  • 12 Roberts LE, Martin WH, Bosnyak DJ. The prevention of tinnitus and noise-induced hearing loss. In: Textbook of Tinnitus. New York: Springer; 2011: 527-534
  • 13 Shrestha BL, Man Amatya RC, Shrestha I, Pokharel M. Analysis of etiological factors of tinnitus in patients attending Kathmandu University Hospital. Indian J Otol 2012; 18 (04) 196-199
  • 14 Henderson E, Testa MA, Hartnick C. Prevalence of noise-induced hearing-threshold shifts and hearing loss among US youths. Pediatrics 2011; 127 (01) e39–e46
  • 15 McCombe A, Baguley D, Coles R, McKenna L, McKinney C, Windle-Taylor P. British Association of Otolaryngologists, Head and Neck Surgeons. Guidelines for the grading of tinnitus severity: the results of a working group commissioned by the British Association of Otolaryngologists, Head and Neck Surgeons, 1999. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 2001; 26 (05) 388-393
  • 16 Dell SM, Holmes AE. The effect of a hearing conservation program on adolescents’ attitudes towards noise. Noise Health 2012; 14 (56) 39-44
  • 17 Holmes S, Padgham ND. “Ringing in the ears”: narrative review of tinnitus and its impact. Biol Res Nurs 2011; 13 (01) 97-108
  • 18 Bagwandin V, Joseph L. A survey exploring awareness and experience of tinnitus in young adults. S Afr J Commun Disord 2017; 64 (01) DOI: 10.4102/sajcd.v64i1.545.
  • 19 Schreiber BE, Agrup C, Haskard DO, Luxon LM. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Lancet 2010; 375 (9721) 1203-1211
  • 20 Seligmann H, Podoshin L, Ben-David J, Goldsher M. Drug-induced tinnitus and other hearing disorders. Drug safety 1996; 14 (03) DOI: 10.2165/00002018-199614030-00006.
  • 21 Lopez-Escamez JA, Carey J, Chung W-H. et al; Classification Committee of the Barany Society; Japan Society for Equilibrium Research; European Academy of Otology and Neurotology (EAONO); Equilibrium Committee of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS); Korean Balance Society. Diagnostic criteria for Menière’s disease. J Vestib Res 2015; 25 (01) 1-7
  • 22 Theodoroff SM, Konrad-Martin D. Noise acoustic trauma and tinnitus, the US Military Experience. DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2020.03.004.
  • 23 Ding T, Yan A, Liu K. What is noise-induced hearing loss?. Br J Hosp Med 2019; 80 (09) 525-529
  • 24 Grewal R, Spielmann PM, Jones SEM, Hussain SSM. Clinical efficacy of tinnitus retraining therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy in the treatment of subjective tinnitus: a systematic review. J Laryngol Otol 2014; 128 (12) 1028-1033
  • 25 Hobson J, Chisholm EJ, Loveland ME. Sound therapy (masking) in the management of tinnitus in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; (01) DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006371.
  • 26 Makar SK, Mukundan G, Gore G. Treatment of tinnitus: a scoping review. Int Tinnitus J 2017; 21 (02) 144-156
  • 27 Hoare DJ, Kowalkowski VL, Kang S, Hall DA. Systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials examining tinnitus management. Laryngoscope 2011; 121 (07) 1555-1564
  • 28 Cima RFF, Andersson G, Schmidt CJ, Henry JA. Cognitive-behavioral treatments for tinnitus: a review of the literature. J Am Acad Audiol 2014; 25 (01) 29-61
  • 29 Andersson G, Lyttkens L. A meta-analytic review of psychological treatments for tinnitus. Br J Audiol 1999; 33 (04) 201-210
  • 30 Hobson J, Chisholm E, El Refaie A. Sound therapy (masking) in the management of tinnitus in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 11 (11) CD006371
  • 31 Beach EF, Gilliver M, Williams W. Leisure noise exposure: participation trends, symptoms of hearing damage, and perception of risk. Int J Audiol 2013; 52 (Suppl. 01) S20-S25