CC BY 4.0 · Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2024; 45(02): 167-172
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761262
Perspective

The Care of Childhood Cancer Survivors in India: Challenges and Solutions

1   Division of Paediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
2   Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
,
2   Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
3   Department of Psycho-oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
,
Purna A. Kurkure
4   Department of Pediatric Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, SRCC Children's Hospital, (Narayana Health), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
› Institutsangaben
Funding None declared.

Abstract

Purpose We describe the challenges faced and lessons learnt over three decades of a childhood cancer survivorship program in India.

Methods We provide a descriptive analysis of the challenges and barriers faced in running this program, our strategies in management, and detail the stages of development of holistic support system.

Results The profile of late effects in our cohort of survivors is notable for the high prevalence of psychosocial issues and metabolic syndrome. Major difficulties faced were transitioning of patients to survivorship care and attrition to follow-up, which were overcome to an extent by ensuring constant communication/rapport-building, updated databases, and peer support groups. Collaborations with nonprofit organizations and other donors have enabled financial, psychosocial, educational, and vocational rehabilitation.

Conclusions It is feasible to establish and sustain a survivorship program in a large-volume center in low- and medium-income country. Understanding the unique spectrum of late effects and establishing a holistic support system go a long way in ensuring the long-term physical and mental health and psychosocial concerns of childhood cancer survivors. Decentralization, development of a strong national networks, capacity building, and incorporation of sustainable technology should be priorities in survivorship care.



Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
17. April 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 
  • References

  • 1 Hudson MM, Ness KK, Gurney JG. et al. Clinical ascertainment of health outcomes among adults treated for childhood cancer. JAMA 2013; 309 (22) 2371-2381
  • 2 Armstrong GT, Kawashima T, Leisenring W. et al. Aging and risk of severe, disabling, life-threatening, and fatal events in the childhood cancer survivor study. J Clin Oncol 2014; 32 (12) 1218-1227
  • 3 Bhakta N, Liu Q, Ness KK. et al. The cumulative burden of surviving childhood cancer: an initial report from the St Jude Lifetime Cohort Study (SJLIFE). Lancet 2017; 390 (10112): 2569-2582
  • 4 Arora RS, Arora PR, Seth R. et al. Childhood cancer survivorship and late effects: The landscape in India in 2020. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67 (09) e28556
  • 5 Kurkure PA, Achrekar S, Uparkar U, Dalvi N, Goswami S. Surviving childhood cancer: what next? Issues under consideration at the After Completion of Therapy (ACT) clinic in India. Med Pediatr Oncol 2003; 41 (06) 588-589
  • 6 Kurkure P, Achrekar S, Dalvi N, Goswami S. Childhood cancer survivors–living beyond cure. Indian J Pediatr 2003; 70 (10) 825-828
  • 7 Prasad M, Goswami S, Chinnaswamy G, Banavali SD, Kurkure PA. Long-term outcomes in survivors of childhood cancer: a 30-year experience from India. JCO Glob Oncol 2022; 8: e2200044
  • 8 Prasad M, Sawant S, Dhir AA. Comment on: Nutritional concerns of survivors of childhood cancer: A “First World” perspective; perspective from a low/middle-income country. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67 (07) e28362
  • 9 Prasad M, Arora B, Chinnaswamy G. et al. Nutritional status in survivors of childhood cancer: experience from Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai. Indian J Cancer 2015; 52 (02) 219-223
  • 10 Agarwal A, Kapoor G, Jain S, Malhotra P, Sharma A. Metabolic syndrome in childhood cancer survivors: delta BMI a risk factor in lower-middle-income countries. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30 (06) 5075-5083
  • 11 Phad P, Sanadhya B, Goswami S. et al. Audit of pyschosocial problems faced by childhood cancer survivors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016; 63: S232-S232
  • 12 Rathore V, Taluja A, Arora PR. et al. Delivery of services to childhood cancer survivors in India: a national survey. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2020; 41 (05) 707-717
  • 13 Prasad M, Nair K, Krishnatry R, Chinnaswamy G, Gupta T, Rao S. LINC-07. Prevalence and Spectrum of Early endocrine Disorders in Survivors of Paediatric Embryonal Brain Tumors (PEBT): an experience from India. Neuro-oncol 2020; 22 (Suppl. 03) iii379
  • 14 Seth R, Kapoor G, Arora RS. et al. The Indian Childhood Cancer Survivorship Study (C2S Study): After Treatment Completion Registry of Childhood Cancers – Phase I a INPOG-LE-16–01 Study. Pediatric Hematology Oncology J 2017; 2 (S1): S5
  • 15 Kagramanov D, Sutradhar R, Lau C. et al. Impact of the model of long-term follow-up care on adherence to guideline-recommended surveillance among survivors of adolescent and young adult cancers. Cancer Med 2021; 10 (15) 5078-5087
  • 16 Prasad M, Goswami S. Barriers to long-term follow-up in adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer: Perspectives from a low-middle income setting. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68 (12) e29248 ; Epub ahead of print DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29248.
  • 17 Jatia S, Arora B, Vora T. et al. Gender bias impacts cancer registration and treatment abandonment in children with cancer: time trends over three decades from India. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2016; 63: S89
  • 18 Arora R, Rahman RU, Joe W. et al. Families of children newly diagnosed with cancer Incur significant out-of-pocket expenditure for treatment: report of a multi-site prospective longitudinal study from India (INPOG-ACC-16–01). J Glob Oncol 2018; 4 (02) 74s
  • 19 Nipp RD, Kirchhoff AC, Fair D. et al. Financial burden in survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. J Clin Oncol 2017; 35 (30) 3474-3481
  • 20 World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files. Accessed January 8, 2022, at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=IN
  • 21 Jatia S, Prasad M, Paradkar A. et al. Holistic support coupled with prospective tracking reduces abandonment in childhood cancers: a report from India. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019; 66 (06) e27716
  • 22 Chaturvedi SK, Strohschein FJ, Saraf G, Loiselle CG. Communication in cancer care: psycho-social, interactional, and cultural issues. A general overview and the example of India. Front Psychol 2014; 5: 1332
  • 23 Arora PR, Misra R, Mehrotra S. et al. Pilot initiative in India to explore the gonadal function and fertility outcomes of a cohort of childhood cancer survivors. J Hum Reprod Sci 2016; 9 (02) 90-93
  • 24 Henderson TO, Oeffinger KC. Enhancing health care of survivors of childhood cancer with tailored education. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33 (33) 3849-3850
  • 25 Rawat-Pawar E, Kurkure P, Dhamankar V, Dalvi N, Goswami S, Saletore L. UGAM- victors of childhood cancer: strength. Challenges and Opportunities Pediatr Blood & Cancer. 2011; 57 (05) 759-760
  • 26 Kurkure PA, Dhamankar VS, Joshi S, Jha S, Nair S, Goswami S. Partnership in Cancer Survivorship Optimization (PICASSO) project: an Indian Cancer Society (ICS) initiative for cancer survivorship program in India. J Clin Oncol •••;36(7):46–46
  • 27 Prasad M, Goswami S, Deodhar J, Chinnaswamy G. Impact of the COVID pandemic on survivors of childhood cancer and survivorship care: lessons for the future. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30 (04) 3303-3311
  • 28 Children's Oncology Group Long-Term Follow-Up Guidelines for Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancers Version 5.0 (October 2018). Accessed January 8, 2023, at: http://www.survivorshipguidelines.org/
  • 29 International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group. Accessed January 8, 2023, at: https://www.ighg.org/guidelines/
  • 30 Cheung YT, Zhang H, Cai J. et al. Identifying Priorities for Harmonizing Guidelines for the Long-Term Surveillance of Childhood Cancer Survivors in the Chinese Children Cancer Group (CCCG). JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 7: 261-276
  • 31 Howard SC, Davidson A, Luna-Fineman S. et al. A framework to develop adapted treatment regimens to manage pediatric cancer in low- and middle-income countries: The Pediatric Oncology in Developing Countries (PODC) Committee of the International Pediatric Oncology Society (SIOP). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64 (Suppl. 05) e26879
  • 32 van den Oever SR, Pluijm SMF, Skinner R. et al; IGHG COVID-19 working group. Childhood cancer survivorship care during the COVID-19 pandemic: an international report of practice implications and provider concerns. J Cancer Surviv 2022; 16 (06) 1390-1400 ; Epub ahead of print DOI: 10.1007/s11764-021-01120-9.
  • 33 Arora RS, Bakhshi S. Indian pediatric oncology group (InPOG)–collaborative research in India comes of age. Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal. 2016; 1 (01) 13-17
  • 34 Kurkure P, Prasad M, Dhamankar V, Bakshi G. Very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) detected in azoospermic testicular biopsies of adult survivors of childhood cancer. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13 (01) 122
  • 35 Jalali R, Mallick I, Dutta D. et al. Factors influencing neurocognitive outcomes in young patients with benign and low-grade brain tumors treated with stereotactic conformal radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 77 (04) 974-979
  • 36 Gupta T, Jalali R, Goswami S. et al. Early clinical outcomes demonstrate preserved cognitive function in children with average-risk medulloblastoma when treated with hyperfractionated radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012; 83 (05) 1534-1540
  • 37 Goda JS, Dutta D, Krishna U. et al. Hippocampal radiotherapy dose constraints for predicting long-term neurocognitive outcomes: mature data from a prospective trial in young patients with brain tumors. Neuro-oncol 2020; 22 (11) 1677-1685