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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 27(02): e226-e233
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1754343
Original Research

Comparison of Short-Term Hearing Outcome in Stapedotomy Using either Vein or Fat (Adipose Tissue) as Sealing Material

Anand Velusamy
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Muthur Chinnasamy Velusamy (MCV) Memorial ENT Trust Hospital, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India
,
A. Kavithadevi
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Muthur Chinnasamy Velusamy (MCV) Memorial ENT Trust Hospital, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India
,
Nazrin Hameed 
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Muthur Chinnasamy Velusamy (MCV) Memorial ENT Trust Hospital, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India
,
Aishwarya Anand 
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Muthur Chinnasamy Velusamy (MCV) Memorial ENT Trust Hospital, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India
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Abstract

Introduction Otosclerosis is a common cause of conductive hearing loss in the adult population that is caused by fixation of the stapes footplate. Cochlear otosclerosis may also present with sensorineural or mixed hearing loss. Surgery is the definitive treatment of choice and, during the procedure, sealing of the oval window with autologous tissue graft around the stapes prosthesis has been routinely done to improve hearing outcome and to mitigate postoperative complications.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of two different types of autologous tissue (vein or fat) grafts as oval window sealing materials in stapedotomy in improving short-term hearing outcomes.

Methods In our study, 70 patients with otosclerosis who underwent primary stapedotomy were included. They were divided into group 1 (vein graft) and group 2 (fat graft) based on the type of sealing material used. All patients were followed-up at the end of 3 months, undergoing an audiometric examination to assess the hearing outcome.

Results A total of 80% (n = 28) of the patients in group1 had an air-bone gap (ABG) closure < 10dB, and, in group 2, 85.7% had an ABG closure < 10 dB; this difference was found to be statistically insignificant. A total of 42.9% (n = 15) of the patients in group 1 and of 31.4% (n = 11) in group 2 had a significant improvement in bone conduction, while 14.3% (n = 5) of the patients in group 1 and 17.1% (n = 6) in group 2 had worsening of average bone conduction postoperatively, which was found to be statistically insignificant.

Conclusion Both vein and fat grafts had comparable effects on hearing outcomes when used as sealing materials in stapedotomy.

Keywords

otosclerosis - otospongiosis - stapes surgery - hearing loss - stapedectomy

Ethical Approval

All procedures involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical clearance was obtained from the institute ethics committee (EC/NEW/INST/2017/1262). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants in the study




Publication History

Received: 25 July 2021

Accepted: 02 September 2021

Article published online:
29 March 2023

© 2023. Fundação Otorrinolaringologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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